Adenocarcinoma mucinusum of the anal canal is a rare tumour, which may appear as a fistula. The fistula has an effect on quality of life and besides it may lead to tumour formation. Early recognition and regular check-up are important, and early operation is recommended. Early surgical excision combined with chemo- and radiotherapy may be effective, with 5 year recurrence rate lower than 37%. The prognosis of late treatment is poor with 1 year average survival. Our case report presents evidence that the key to successful therapy and improved quality of life is early diagnosis and combined surgical-oncological treatment.
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