[Return to work of a pacemaker bearing worker: the relationship between health problems and electromagnetic interferences].

The potential effects of electromagnetic fields is a problem that interest the public opinion, as the modern society expose all people to electromagnetic non ionizing radiations. The problem has a particular and important meaning facing the return to normal life and work conditions of a cardiopatic subject bearing a pacemaker (PM) or implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD). Electromagnetic interferences can produce temporary or permanent malfunctions in these devices. Checking for the absence of electromagnetic interferences is necessary considering that correct functioning of these medical devices is essential for the life of the bearer. Precautions normally adopted by these subjects are generally adequate to ensure protection from interferences present in life environment; for occupational environment, there is often lack of adequate information, also due to late involving of the doctor specialist in occupational health. This work intends to study in depth a specific job, a carpentry-workshop with welding activities, starting with a case of a PM bearer who asked a doctor specialist in occupational health to evaluate the problems involved in his return to work. Electric and magnetic fields produced by equipments present in the workshop were measured and compared to data supplied by the literature to evaluate the possibility of interactions in the normally functioning of implanted electronic devices. On the basis of our experience, we have found some criterions for specific risk assessement to adopt for the definition of operative protocols for return to work of PM or ICD carriers, also considering the lack of specific procedures and indications for the doctor specialist in occupational health. The collected information and data from the literature suggest that welding can be a risk for a subject with PM; as observed in experimental conditions, electromagnetic radiations can alter particular sensitive devices and those with uncorrected settings.