The expression of pro-thyrotropin-releasing hormone (pro-TRH) mRNA was analyzed in the hypothalamus of inflammatory susceptible LEW/N and resistant F344/N rats at baseline and in adrenalectomized and lipopolysaccharide-treated animals. In saline-treated control animals, increased pro-TRH transcription was detected in LEW/N with respect to F344/N rats. This increased LEW/N pro-TRH expression was stable regardless of condition in contrast to F344/N increased pro-TRH transcription post-adrenalectomy and decreased pro-TRH after lipopolysaccharide administration. The LEW/N increase in pro-TRH mRNA was independent of changes in hormonal status suggesting alteration of the thyroid axis at the central level in this strain.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jneuroim.2004.05.002 | DOI Listing |
Neurotoxicology
December 2023
Department of Pharmacobiology, Center for Research and Advanced Studies (Cinvestav), Calzada de los Tenorios 235, Tlalpan, CP 14330 Mexico City, Mexico.
Misused volatile solvents typically contain toluene (TOL) as the main psychoactive ingredient. Cyclohexane (CHX) can also be present and is considered a safer alternative. Solvent misuse often occurs at early stages of life, leading to permanent neurobehavioral impairment and growth retardation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurosci Lett
November 2020
Molecular Neurophysiology Laboratory, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Calz. México-Xochimilco No. 101. San Lorenzo Huipulco, CDMX 14370. Mexico. Electronic address:
Feeding-regulatory peptides such as thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH), α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) and their receptors are expressed in brain regions involved in the homeostatic and hedonic control of food intake, such as the hypothalamus and the mesolimbic system, respectively. The nucleus accumbens (NAc) is part of the latter, a brain circuit involved in processing reward stimuli and the appetitive motivation of feeding. When TRH or α-MSH are administered in the NAc, both decrease food intake, through activating their respective receptors, TRH-R1 and MC4R.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEndocrinology
July 2015
Departamento de Genética del Desarrollo y Fisiología Molecular (I.L., R.M.U., L.J.-H., P.J.-B., J.-L.C.), Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, México; Laboratory of Neurophysiology (A.C., M.P.), Multidisciplinary Institute of Cell Biology (Argentine Research Council and Scientific Research Commission, Province of Buenos Aires), La Plata, Buenos Aires 1900, Argentina; and Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias (E.S.-J.), Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, México D.F. 14370, México.
Fasting down-regulates the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis activity through a reduction of TRH synthesis in neurons of the parvocellular paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN). These TRH neurons project to the median eminence (ME), where TRH terminals are close to the cytoplasmic extensions of β2 tanycytes. Tanycytes express pyroglutamyl peptidase II (PPII), the TRH-degrading ectoenzyme that controls the amount of TRH that reaches the anterior pituitary.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neuroendocrinol
December 2014
Departamento de Genética del Desarrollo y Fisiología Molecular, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Cuernavaca, Morelos, México.
The activity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis is rapidly adjusted by energy balance alterations. Glucocorticoids can interfere with this activity, although the timing of this interaction is unknown. In vitro studies indicate that, albeit incubation with either glucocorticoid receptor (GR) agonists or protein kinase A (PKA) activators enhances pro-thyrotrophin-releasing hormone (pro-TRH) transcription, co-incubation with both stimuli reduces this enhancement.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Endocrinol
April 2014
Neurofisiología Molecular, Dirección de Investigaciones en Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz (INPRFM), Calzada México-Xochimilco 101, Col. San Lorenzo Huipulco, C.P. 14370, México, Distrito Federal, México Escuela de Dietética y Nutrición, ISSSTE, Callejón Vía San Fernando #12, México, Distrito Federal, México.
Neuroendocrine axes adapt to nutrient availability. During fasting, the function of the hypothalamus-pituitary-thyroid axis (HPT) is reduced, whereas that of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA) is increased. Overfeeding-induced hyperleptinemia during lactation may alter the regulatory set point of neuroendocrine axes and their adaptability to fasting in adulthood.
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