We investigate the forces experienced by a microparticle immersed in a weakly ionized plasma with constant electric field. These are electric force and the forces associated with the momentum transfer from electrons and ions drifting in the field (electron and ion drag forces). It is shown that the effect of the electron drag, which is often neglected, can be substantial in a certain parameter range. Numerical calculation of the forces for a reasonable set of plasma parameters is performed to illustrate the importance of this effect.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevE.69.066411 | DOI Listing |
PLoS One
January 2025
North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, P.R. China.
This study employs electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) to experimentally investigate the migration characteristics of light non-aqueous phase liquids (LNAPL) under various groundwater conditions. Through cross-hole measurements and time-lapse inversion, the migration process of LNAPL under three scenarios-unsaturated conditions, constant groundwater levels, and declining water levels-was systematically analyzed. The results indicate that LNAPL migration behavior exhibits significant differences under different conditions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomimetics (Basel)
January 2025
College of Engineering, Design, and Physical Sciences, Brunel University London, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK.
The ability to control and manipulate biological fluids within microchannels is a fundamental challenge in biological diagnosis and pharmaceutical analyses, particularly when buffers with very high ionic strength are used. In this study, we investigate the numerical and experimental study of fluidic biochips driven by ac electrothermal flow for controlling and manipulating biological samples inside a microchannel, e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEntropy (Basel)
January 2025
Department of Cybernetics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Czech Technical University in Prague, CZ-166 27 Prague, Czech Republic.
We deal with two-dimensional copulas from the perspective of their differential entropy. We formulate a problem of finding a copula with maximum differential entropy when some copula values are given. As expected, the solution is a copula with a piecewise constant density (a checkerboard copula).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRSC Adv
January 2025
Department of Solid State Physics and Nonlinear Physics, Faculty of Physics and Technology, AL-Farabi Kazakh National University Almaty 050040 Kazakhstan.
In this paper, Gd-doped ZrO gate dielectric films and metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) capacitors structured as Al/ZrGdO /Si were prepared using an ultraviolet ozone (UVO)-assisted sol-gel method. The effects of heat treatment temperature on the microstructure, chemical bonding state, optical properties, surface morphology and electrical characteristics of the ZrGdO composite films and MOS capacitors were systematically investigated. The crystalline phase of the ZrGdO films appeared only at 600 °C, indicating that Gd doping effectively inhibits the crystallization of ZrO films.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnviron Res
January 2025
Faculty for Chemistry, Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Composite photocatalysts based on metal nanoparticles and functional polymers attract much attention compared to inorganic photocatalysts. In this study, a reusable magnetite/anion exchanger (FeO/PPE-2) functional material is synthesized by a hydrothermal method, and its photocatalytic activity is evaluated for the photocatalytic degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB). The results from materials characterization confirm a well-defined morphology of magnetic FeO/PPE-2 functional material and the formation of FeO nanocrystals with different shapes and sizes on the surface of anion exchange material (PPE-2).
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