The aim of this work was to give a quantitative characteristic of cytoarchitectonic peculiarities of cortical areas 41 and 22 in the left and right hemispheres of human brain. 20 mm thick frontal brain sections of 10 right-handed adult persons aged 29-59 stained by Nissl's crezyl-violet method were studied. The following quantitative parameters determined included area volume, cortical thickness and neuron profile area. It was shown that area 22, which is considered to be an associative link in speech stimuli processing, possessed a leftward asymmetry in cortical volume, cortical thickness and neuron profile area. Area 41, which is known to be a projection zone and to participate in sound stimuli reception, was characterized by rightward asymmetry in neuron profile area, while no dominance of particular hemisphere was found as far as cortical volume and thickness were concerned.
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Exp Neurol
January 2025
Traumatic Brain Injury & Metabolomics Department, DRDO, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), S. K Mazumdar Road, Timarpur, New Delhi 110054, India. Electronic address:
Head trauma from blast exposure is a growing health concern, particularly among active military personnel, and is considered the signature injury of the Gulf War. However, it remains elusive whether fundamental differences exist between blast-related traumatic brain injuries (TBI) and TBI due to other mechanisms. Considering the importance of lipid metabolism associated with neuronal membrane integrity and its compromise during TBI, we sought to find changes in lipidomic profiling during blast or blunt (Stereotaxically Controlled Contusison-SCC)-mediated TBI.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuron
January 2025
Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Glenn Center for the Biology of Aging, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA; Wu Tsai Neurosciences Institute, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. Electronic address:
Brain aging leads to a decline in cognitive function and a concomitant increase in the susceptibility to neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. A key question is how changes within individual cells of the brain give rise to age-related dysfunction. Developments in single-cell "omics" technologies, such as single-cell transcriptomics, have facilitated high-dimensional profiling of individual cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Med Chem
January 2025
Department of Pharmacy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, College of Pharmacy, Hanyang University, 55 Hanyangdaehak-ro, Sangnok-gu, Ansan, Kyeonggi-do, 15588, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:
JNK3, a brain-specific stress-activated protein kinase, plays a critical role in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis through phosphorylation of Tau and APP. This study aimed to develop selective JNK3 inhibitors based on a pyrazole scaffold, focusing on (E)-1-(2-aminopyrimidin-4-yl)-4-styryl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide derivatives. Through systematic structural modifications and extensive SAR analysis, we identified compounds 24a and 26a as highly potent JNK3 inhibitors, with IC values of 12 and 19 nM, respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurr Neurol Neurosci Rep
January 2025
Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, 80 Avenue Augustin Fliche, Montpellier, 34295, France.
Purpose Of Review: In low-grade glioma (LGG), besides the patient's neurological status and tumor characteristics on neuroimaging, current treatment guidelines mainly rely on the glioma's genetics at diagnosis to define therapeutic strategy, usually starting with surgical resection. However, this snapshot in time does not take into account the antecedent period of tumor progression and its interactions with the brain before presentation. This article reviews new concepts that pertain to reconstruct the history of previous interplay between the LGG's course and adaptive changes in the connectome within which the glioma is embedded over the years preceding the diagnosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlzheimers Dement
December 2024
Glenn Biggs Institute for Alzheimer's & Neurodegenerative Diseases, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Background: APOE genotype is the most important genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD), but whether it affects the proteins associated with AD risk is unclear. Circulating proteins may reveal biology underlying pathologic processes.
Methods: We evaluated log2 standardized levels of 4979 proteins quantified using modified aptamer technology [SomaScan] in plasma from 2725 participants in the Cardiovascular Health Study who were free of dementia and stroke.
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