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Nitrous oxide production via enzymatic nitroxyl from the nitrifying archaeon .
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Baker Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853.
Ammonia oxidizing archaea (AOA) are among the most abundant microorganisms on earth and are known to be a major source of nitrous oxide (NO) emissions, although biochemical origins of this NO remain unknown. Enzymological details of AOA nitrogen metabolism are broadly unavailable. We report the recombinant expression, purification, and characterization of a multicopper oxidase, Nmar_1354, from the AOA .
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClosing Dichloramine Decomposition Nitrogen and Oxygen Mass Balances: Relative Importance of End-Products from the Reactive Nitrogen Species Pathway.
Environ Sci Technol
January 2024
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, Arkansas 72701, United States.
In drinking water chloramination, monochloramine autodecomposition occurs in the presence of excess free ammonia through dichloramine, the decay of which was implicated in -nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) formation by (i) dichloramine hydrolysis to nitroxyl which reacts with itself to nitrous oxide (NO), (ii) nitroxyl reaction with dissolved oxygen (DO) to peroxynitrite or mono/dichloramine to nitrogen gas (N), and (iii) peroxynitrite reaction with total dimethylamine (TOTDMA) to NDMA or decomposition to nitrite/nitrate. Here, the yields of nitrogen and oxygen-containing end-products were quantified at pH 9 from NHCl decomposition at 200, 400, or 800 μeq Cl·L with and without 10 μM-N TOTDMA under ambient DO (∼500 μM-O) and, to limit peroxynitrite formation, low DO (≤40 μM-O). Without TOTDMA, the sum of free ammonia, monochloramine, dichloramine, N, NO, nitrite, and nitrate indicated nitrogen recoveries ±95% confidence intervals were not significantly different under ambient (90 ± 6%) and low (93 ± 7%) DO.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe cellular mechanisms associated with the anesthetic and neuroprotective properties of xenon: a systematic review of the preclinical literature.
Front Neurosci
July 2023
Department of Anesthesia and Acute Pain Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Introduction: Xenon exhibits significant neuroprotection against a wide range of neurological insults in animal models. However, clinical evidence that xenon improves outcomes in human studies of neurological injury remains elusive. Previous reviews of xenon's method of action have not been performed in a systematic manner.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeuroprotective Effect of Corosolic Acid Against Cerebral Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Experimental Rats.
J Oleo Sci
September 2022
Department of Neurology, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University.
Several therapeutic approaches were also urgently needed as ischaemic stroke was one of the most common brain disorders. Many phytochemicals have recently been discovered for the advancement of lead-like libraries that are concentrated on the peripheral and central nervous systems. Science does not yet understand how these drugs work, nor do they comprehend their in vivo characteristics.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPara-Substituted -Benzyl Sulfohydroxamic Acid Derivatives as Redox-Triggered Nitroxyl (HNO) Sources.
Molecules
August 2022
Department of Chemistry, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA.
Nitroxyl shows a unique biological profile compared to the gasotransmitters nitric oxide and hydrogen sulfide. Nitroxyl reacts with thiols as an electrophile, and this redox chemistry mediates much of its biological chemistry. This reactivity necessitates the use of donors to study nitroxyl's chemistry and biology.
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