Spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2) is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder mapped on chromosome 12. Different results have been reported in spinocerebellar ataxias following transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). TMS-induced cortical silent period (CSP) was prolonged in different cerebellar disorders. Here we evaluate the duration of the TMS-induced CSP following a single magnetic stimulus in a large homogeneous group of SCA2 patients compared with idiopathic cerebellar ataxia (IDCA) patients with similar disease duration and severity, and in 20 healthy controls. The CSP duration in both arm and leg muscles was significantly (p<0.005) longer in patients than in controls. A significant positive correlation between disease duration and CSP prolongation in both SCA2 and IDCA was found. No correlation between age, onset and CSP duration emerged in either group. This study shows a prolongation of the TMS-induced silent period in both SCA2 and IDCA indicating that the cortical inhibitory mechanism is dependent on the disease duration and severity. Thus, the cerebellum seems to exert a pliable physiological influence on the cortico-spinal system through control of inhibitory cortical interneurons.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Preliminary observations in cortical excitability changes using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), it's correlation with diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) in subjects with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD).
Acta Neurol Belg
January 2025
Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences, Bangalore, 560029, India.
Background: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a relapsing central nervous system disease most commonly associated with aquaporin-4 antibodies (AQP4-Ab) and Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibodies. These demyelinating disorders influence cortical excitability, which has been studied using advanced imaging techniques and transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in our study.
Methods: This is a prospective study of 30 subjects.
Transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) modulates brain oscillations and corticomotor plasticity. We examined the effects of four tACS frequencies (20 Hz, 40 Hz, 60 Hz, and 80 Hz) on motor cortex (M1) excitability and motor performance. In a randomised crossover design, 12 adults received 20-minute tACS sessions, with Sham as control.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe power of music: impact on EEG signals.
Psychol Res
January 2025
Department of Neurology and Clinical Neurophysiology Unit, Faculty of Medicine-Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
Article Synopsis
- Music can influence our attention and cognitive functions without us realizing it, and it triggers neurotransmitter release in the brain that improves our mood and thinking.
- This study examined how two types of music—Egyptian folk and classical—affected brain activity in 76 participants, revealing that different music genres activate distinct cortical areas in the brain, particularly influencing the frontal and occipital regions.
- Findings showed that folk music led to a significant decrease in brain activity, indicating a relaxed state that could temporarily reduce cognitive abilities, while classical music was linked to an overall more relaxed brain state.
Cortical excitability on sleep deprivation measured by transcranial magnetic stimulation: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
Brain Res Bull
January 2025
Sleep Medicine Center, Mental Health Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. Electronic address:
Sleep deprivation is a common public problem, and researchers speculated its neurophysiological mechanisms related to cortical excitatory and inhibitory activity. Recently, transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with electromyography (TMS-EMG) and electroencephalography (TMS-EEG) have been used to assess cortical excitability in sleep-deprived individuals, but the results were inconsistent. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to summarize relevant TMS-evoked indices of excitability and inhibition for exploring the cortical effects of sleep deprivation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUse of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation to Probe Neuroplasticity and Predict Gait Performance After Treadmill Training in Parkinson's Disease.
Mov Disord
December 2024
School and Graduate Institute of Physical Therapy, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Background: Reduced step length is a hallmark of gait disturbance in people with Parkinson's disease (PD). Although treadmill training is effective for improving step length, the associated neural mechanisms have not been fully investigated. Moreover, exploring the baseline neurophysiological predictors for step length improvement after training could facilitate personalized gait rehabilitation for PD.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!