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Basic Science and Pathogenesis.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Background: Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), which includes cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) and arteriolosclerosis, often co-occurs with Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. The medial temporal lobe (MTL) is susceptible to hosting multiple AD pathologies, such as neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), amyloid-β plaques, phospho-Tar-DNA-Binding-Protein-43 (pTDP-43), as well as CSVD. Whether a causal relationship between these pathologies exists remains largely unknown, but one potential linking mechanism is the dysfunction of perivascular clearance.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBasic Science and Pathogenesis.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
University of South Carolina School of Medicine, Columbia, SC, USA.
Background: The orexin/hypocretin neuropeptide system, primarily found in the lateral hypothalamus and perifornical region, modulates sleep, wakefulness, appetite, and cognitive function. One region with dense orexinergic projections is the basal forebrain (BF), which is the major source of acetylcholine in the neocortex and limbic structures such as the hippocampus. The basal forebrain cholinergic system mediates cognition and dysfunction is one of the key hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBasic Science and Pathogenesis.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Zilkha Neurogenetic Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Background: Cerebrovascular injury is a common pathological feature of a spectrum of neurological disorders, including traumatic brain injury (TBI), stroke, Alzheimer's disease (AD), and aging. Vascular manifestations among these conditions are similar indeed, including the breakdown of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). However, whether there is a unique molecular mechanism underlying the vascular changes among these conditions remains elusive.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBasic Science and Pathogenesis.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, http://adni.loni.usc.edu/, CA, USA.
Background: Assessing tau accumulation in early affected areas like the lateral entorhinal cortex (EC) and inferior temporal gyrus (ITG) enables early prediction of disease progression and cognitive decline. However, positron emission tomography (PET) imaging poses radiation exposure and cost concerns. This research aims to develop a deep learning model predicting tau positivity in these regions using MRI.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFClinical Manifestations.
Alzheimers Dement
December 2024
Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
Background: Sensitive screening for early Alzheimer's disease (AD)-related cognitive decline are needed. Prior research links high beta-amyloid (Aβ) levels to reduced proper name (PN) retrieval in individuals without cognitive impairment. We examined whether language-related regional tau from PET associated with Logical Memory (LM) proper name recall, accounting for LM covariates.
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