Prenatal sonographic diagnosis of fetal akinesia deformation sequence (FADS) is usually achieved during the second and third trimester of pregnancy and relies on the demonstration of contractures of multiple joints, paucity of fetal movements and nuchal edema or generalized hydrops. We present the early diagnosis of FADS in a 13-week fetus presenting with nuchal translucency thickness (NT) of 5.1 mm, bilateral talipes and fixed flexion deformity of the fingers and wrists. We also review cases of this condition diagnosed during the first trimester and discuss the role of increased NT in the early diagnosis of FADS even in cases without previous history of an affected child.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000077961 | DOI Listing |
Clin Dysmorphol
January 2025
Department of Medical Genetics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India.
Introduction: Agrin, encoded by AGRN, plays a vital role in the acetylcholine receptor clustering pathway, and any defects in this pathway are known to cause congenital myasthenic syndrome (CMS) 8 in early childhood with variable fatigable muscle weakness. The most severe or lethal form of CMS manifests as a fetal akinesia deformation sequence (FADS). To date, only one family has been reported with an association of null variants in AGRN and a lethal FADS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Med Genet A
December 2024
Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Specialized Medicine, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Biallelic variants in GLDN have recently been associated with lethal congenital contracture syndrome 11 (LCCS11), a form of fetal akinesia deformation sequence (FADS) with high neonatal mortality. In this report, we describe five individuals from two Canadian Inuit families originating from different communities in Nunavik all affected with FADS and harboring a rare homozygous missense variant, [NM_181789.4:c.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCells
December 2024
Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Institute for Developmental Research, Aichi Developmental Disability Center, 713-8 Kamiya, Kasugai 480-0392, Japan.
encodes a small GTPase of the Rho family that plays a critical role in actin cytoskeleton remodeling and intracellular signaling regulation. Pathogenic variants in , all of which reported thus far affect conserved residues within its functional domains, have been linked to neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by diverse phenotypic features, including structural brain anomalies and facial dysmorphism (NEDBAF). Recently, a novel de novo variant (NM_005052.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol
December 2024
Department of Neonatology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751019, India. Electronic address:
Background: Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita involves joint contractures across various body parts. Distal arthrogryposis type 5D (DA5D) is a rare, autosomal recessive subtype affecting distal extremities, with symptoms like knee extension contractures, camptodactyly, overriding fingers, ulnar wrist deviation, and scoliosis.
Case: A 24-year-old pregnant woman with a second-degree relative partner had a fetus showing increased nuchal translucency (3.
Handb Clin Neurol
August 2024
Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom. Electronic address:
The neuromuscular junction is a prototypic synapse that has been extensively studied and provides a model for smaller and less accessible central synapses. Central to transmission at the neuromuscular synapse is the muscle acetylcholine receptor cation channel. Studies of the genetic disorders affecting the neuromuscular junction, termed congenital myasthenic syndromes, have illustrated how impaired signal transmission may be caused by a variety of mutations both within the ion channel itself and by the context of the ion channel within the synapse.
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