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Understanding pediatric cervicofacial non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection.
JAAPA
January 2025
Eunice Im is a student in the College of Human Medicine at Michigan State University in Grand Rapids, Mich. Erin Gawel is a student in the Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences at the University at Buffalo in Buffalo, N.Y. Alyson Coppola practices at the University at Buffalo Otolaryngology in Williamsville, N.Y. Michele Carr is a professor in the Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences at the University at Buffalo. The authors have disclosed no potential conflicts of interest, financial or otherwise.
Cervicofacial non-tuberculous mycobacterial infection should be a part of the differential diagnosis for immunocompetent children ages 1 to 5 years who present with painless submandibular or preauricular lymphadenopathy. Although a benign and self-limiting disease, patients can develop a chronically draining fistula if not diagnosed and treated promptly. The diagnostic process can be managed with a combination of microbiological studies, cytology, laboratory tests, and imaging studies.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFYouth living with HIV (YLWH) have high rates of virologic failure due to medication non-adherence. is a novel, gamified mobile health (mHealth) application designed with user-centered principles to improve medication adherence by integrating medication reminders with social and financial incentives, virtual peer social support and early clinic outreach for non-adherent YLWH in Nigeria. Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) were conducted to identify reactions to key prototype features (user interface, medication reminders, incentives, and peer support), facilitators and barriers to app use, and how well the app would meet adherence needs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMortality and predictors among HIV-TB co-infected patients in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
PLoS One
January 2025
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences and Referral Hospital, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia.
Background: HIV-TB co-infection poses a significant public health threat, notably in sub-Saharan Africa including Ethiopia. Despite this public health problem, studies in Ethiopia regarding the mortality of HIV-TB co-infection patients have been inconsistent, and the overall estimate of mortality was not determined. Accordingly, this meta-analysis aims to assess the magnitude of mortality and predictors among HIV-TB co-infected patients in Ethiopia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFUSP5 inhibits anti-RNA viral innate immunity by deconjugating K48-linked unanchored and K63-linked anchored ubiquitin on IRF3.
PLoS Pathog
January 2025
National Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation, and CAMS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology Regulatory Elements, Suzhou Institute of Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Suzhou, China.
Interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) is a central hub transcription factor that controls host antiviral innate immunity. The expression and function of IRF3 are tightly regulated by the post-translational modifications. However, it is unknown whether unanchored ubiquitination and deubiquitination of IRF3 involve modulating antiviral innate immunity against RNA viruses.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLeveraging cancer mutation data to inform the pathogenicity classification of germline missense variants.
PLoS Genet
January 2025
Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Innovative and easy-to-implement strategies are needed to improve the pathogenicity assessment of rare germline missense variants. Somatic cancer driver mutations identified through large-scale tumor sequencing studies often impact genes that are also associated with rare Mendelian disorders. The use of cancer mutation data to aid in the interpretation of germline missense variants, regardless of whether the gene is associated with a hereditary cancer predisposition syndrome or a non-cancer-related developmental disorder, has not been systematically assessed.
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