Nonautoimmune mice transgenic for the heavy chain of an IgG2b anti-double-stranded-DNA antibody express the transgene in lymphoid organs and display partial allelic exclusion of this gamma 2b transgene. The spleens of these mice are characterized by marked B-cell depletion. Although there are B cells in these mice that express the transgene and recognize double-stranded DNA, they are anergic in vivo. Recovery from the state of anergy occurs in vitro after lipopolysaccharide stimulation. Thus this transgenic model demonstrates the induction of self tolerance to an IgG autoantibody.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.89.17.8332 | DOI Listing |
Clin Transl Oncol
January 2025
Center of Translational Medicine, Zibo Central Hospital, Shandong Second Medical University, 54 Gongqingtuan Xi Road, Zibo, 255036, Shandong, China.
Programmed Death Protein-1 (PD-1) is a cell surface receptor that serves as a checkpoint for T cells, playing a pivotal role in regulating T-cell apoptosis. The binding of PD-1 to its ligand, Programmed Death Ligand 1 (PD-L1), inhibits anti-tumor immunity by suppressing T-cell activation signals. Indeed, the PD-1/PD-L1 pathway governs the induction and maintenance of immune tolerance within the tumor microenvironment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCancer Discov
January 2025
Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Epigenetic therapies facilitate transcription of immunogenic repetitive elements that cull cancer cells through 'viral mimicry' responses. Paradoxically, cancer-initiating events also facilitate transcription of repetitive elements. Contributions of repetitive element transcription towards cancer initiation, and the mechanisms by which cancer cells evade lethal viral mimicry responses during tumor initiation remain poorly understood.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPLoS One
January 2025
Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
Understanding the mechanisms that underlie the adaptive response of ectotherms to rising temperatures is key to mitigate the effects of climate change. We assessed the molecular and physiological processes that differentiate between rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) with high and low tolerance to acute thermal stress. To achieve our goal, we used a critical thermal maximum trial in two strains of rainbow trout to elicit loss of equilibrium responses to identify high and low tolerance fish.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn Hematol
January 2025
Department of Hematology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, 107 West Culture Road, Lixia District, Jinan, 250012, P.R. China.
To compare the efficacy and safety of pegylated recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (PEG-rhG-CSF) and rhG-CSF in the recovery of neutrophils after induction therapy in ALL patients, PEG-rhG-CSF was injected subcutaneously within 24 ~ 48 h after the end of intravenous infusion of daunorubicin/idarubicin during induction chemotherapy. In rhG-CSF group, patients were given rhG-CSF. The main outcome indexes were the incidence and duration of grade 4 chemotherapy-induced-neutropenia (CIN, ANC less than 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Chem Theory Comput
January 2025
Chemical and Materials Physics Graduate Program, Departments of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Materials Science and Engineering, and Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States.
Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are essential for understanding molecular phenomena at the atomic level, with their accuracy largely dependent on both the employed force field and sampling. Polarizable force fields, which incorporate atomic polarization effects, represent a significant advancement in simulation technology. The polarizable Gaussian multipole (pGM) model has been noted for its accurate reproduction of ab initio electrostatic interactions.
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