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Cost-Effective Electrode Fabrication Method Using Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose Binder for Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolysis.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
January 2025
Graduate School of Energy Convergence, Institute of Integrated Technology, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea.
This study explores improving proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEMWE) by achieving both cost-effectiveness and enhanced efficiency through the replacement of the costly and environmentally challenging Nafion ionomer with hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) as an anode binder. HPMC, an eco-friendly and cost-effective material, was cross-linked with citric acid to form a durable hydrogel that enhances water and proton transport within the catalyst layer. Using the cross-linked HPMC binder allowed a reduction in cost to 1/54 compared to Nafion ionomer, while the performance of the cross-linked HPMC electrodes remained comparable to Nafion electrodes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTermination-acidity tailoring of molybdenum carbides for alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction.
Nat Commun
January 2025
i-lab, Vacuum Interconnected Nanotech Workstation (Nano-X), Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China.
Transition-metal carbides have been advocated as the promising alternatives to noble-metal platinum-based catalysts in electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction over half a century. However, the effectiveness of transition-metal carbides catalyzing hydrogen evolution in high-pH electrolyte is severely compromised due to the lowered proton activity and intractable alkaline-leaching issue of transition-metal centers. Herein, on the basis of validation of molybdenum-carbide model-catalyst system by taking advantage of surface science techniques, MoC micro-size spheres terminated by Al doped MoO layer exhibit a notable performance of alkaline hydrogen evolution with a near-zero onset-potential, a low overpotential (40 mV) at a typical current density of 10 mA/cm, and a small Tafel slope (45 mV/dec), as well as a long-term stability for continuous hydrogen production over 200 h.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe Burden of Insurance Prior Authorization on Cancer Care: A Review of Evidence From Radiation Oncology.
Adv Radiat Oncol
January 2025
Department of Radiation Oncology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee.
Purpose: Despite its high cost-effectiveness, radiation oncology faces the greatest prior authorization (PA) burden of any medical specialty. Insurance denials and resulting treatment delays have been documented across several treatment modalities, including stereotactic body radiation, intensity modulated radiation, and proton therapy. Although insurance companies suggest that PA is intended to control health care spending and ensure the implementation of evidence-based practice, the number of radiation treatment plans reviewed by the PA process that result in changes is quite low.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Potassium-competitive acid blockers are effective against proton pump inhibitor-refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease; however, their long-term use is associated with economic disadvantages. Endoscopic procedures may reduce potassium-competitive acid blocker use. This study aimed to determine the optimal treatment strategy for patients with proton pump inhibitor-refractory gastroesophageal reflux disease from a cost-effectiveness perspective.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHealth Utility of Pain Response Versus Nonresponse to Palliative Radiation Therapy for Symptomatic Bone Metastases: Analyses Based on Real-World Data from 26 Centers.
J Palliat Med
December 2024
Department of Radiation Oncology, Saitama Medical center, Saitama, Japan.
Utility values of responders and nonresponders are essential inputs in cost-effectiveness studies of radiation therapy for painful bone metastases but, to our knowledge, they have not been reported separately. We sought to determine the utility values of responders and nonresponders using data from a prospective observational study on bone metastases. The original prospective observational study was conducted at 26 centers in Japan.
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