Isopropyl myristate (IPM) is considered a very weak sensitizer. Patch test results with 20% IPM in petrolatum (pet.) in 8117 patients and 10% IPM in pet. in 4554 patients between January 1992 and December 2001 by the IVDK are presented. While irritant and questionable reactions were frequently observed, especially with 20% test concentration and 2-day patch test exposure, respectively, and a decrescendo pattern was common, morphologically positive reactions at day 3 were seen in only 16 patients, i.e. altogether 0.13%. In line with previous clinical and experimental evidence, our results indicate that IPM is an extremely weak sensitizer or possibly, in our material, not a sensitizer at all. IPM should thus not be tested routinely, but only in the case of suspected exposure as a possible source of allergic contact dermatitis, e.g. to cosmetics and perfumes, to avoid an unacceptable reduction of the positive predictive value of the test.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
---|---|
http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0105-1873.2004.00352.x | DOI Listing |
Metabolites
December 2024
CNRS, Aix-Marseille University, Avignon University, IRD, UMR 7263 IMBE, 13397 Marseille, France.
Background/objectives: Biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs), extensively studied in terrestrial plants with global emissions around 1 PgC yr, are also produced by marine organisms. However, benthic species, especially seagrasses, are understudied despite their global distribution (177,000-600,000 km). This study aims to examine BVOC emissions from key Mediterranean seagrass species (, , , and ) in marine and coastal lagoon environments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEur J Pharm Sci
December 2024
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, Hallera av. 107, Gdansk 80-402, Poland.
Adhesiveness of dermal patches can be modified in the presence of active substances. The effect is more complex when liquid components are also present in the matrix. Commercial grade pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA) polyacrylates (three types) and silicones (two types) were used to prepare adhesive matrices and liquid additives were propylene glycol, polyoxyethylene glycol, isopropyl myristate, triacetin, triethyl citrate or low viscosity silicone oil.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMicrob Biotechnol
December 2024
Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia.
Plant-derived triterpenoids are in high demand due to their valuable applications in cosmetic, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical industries. To meet this demand, microbial production of triterpenoids is being developed for large-scale production. However, a prominent limitation of microbial synthesis is the intracellular accumulation, requiring cell disruption during downstream processing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFACS Biomater Sci Eng
December 2024
Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.
Transdermal insulin delivery is a promising method for diabetes management, providing the potential for controlled, sustained release and prolonged insulin effectiveness. However, the large molecular weight of insulin hinders its passive absorption through the stratum corneum (SC) of the skin, and high doses of insulin are required, which limits the commercial viability. We developed ethosome (ET) and -ethosome (TET) nanovesicle formulations containing a biocompatible lipid-based ionic liquid, [EDMPC][Lin], dissolved in 35% ethanol.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Pharm
December 2024
School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, China.
This study aims to develop a sustained release patch for bisoprolol (BSP) to address the issue of blood pressure fluctuations caused by traditional dosing methods, ensuring continuous drug release and efficient utilization. Long-chain saturated fatty acids (C-C) were chosen as counterions to precisely control BSP's permeation rate in the patch formulation, and the ion-pairing strategy's mechanism in drug delivery was thoroughly investigated. Molecular docking results revealed significant differences in the adsorption capacities of different ion pairs in the stratum corneum (SC) and epidermis, directly influencing their residence times and thereby regulating BSP's passive diffusion rate.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!