We construct an effective Lagrangian which illustrates why color deconfines when chiral symmetry is restored in hot gauge theories with quarks in the fundamental representation. For quarks in the adjoint representation we show that, while deconfinement and the chiral transition do not need to coincide, entanglement between them is still present. Extension to the chemical potential driven transition is discussed.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.92.182302 | DOI Listing |
Phys Rev Lett
December 2024
University of Tokyo, Institute for Solid State Physics, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan.
Non-Hermiticity gives rise to distinctive topological phenomena absent in Hermitian systems. However, connection between such intrinsic non-Hermitian topology and Hermitian topology has remained largely elusive. Here, considering the bulk and boundary as an environment and system, respectively, we demonstrate that anomalous boundary states in Hermitian topological insulators exhibit non-Hermitian topology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhys Rev Lett
December 2024
Stony Brook University, Center for Nuclear Theory, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA.
The spin tensor is fundamental to relativistic spin hydrodynamics, but its definition is ambiguous due to the pseudogauge symmetry. We show that this ambiguity can be solved in interacting field theories. We prove that the mean-field limit of a modified Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model with spin-spin interactions is equivalent to nondissipative spin hydrodynamics with a canonical spin tensor.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAcc Chem Res
January 2025
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
ConspectusSymmetry is a pervasive phenomenon spanning diverse fields, from art and architecture to mathematics and science. In the scientific realms, symmetry reveals fundamental laws, while symmetry breaking─the collapse of certain symmetry─is the underlying cause of phenomena. Research on symmetry and symmetry breaking consistently provides valuable insights across disciplines, from parity violation in physics to the origin of homochirality in biology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAngew Chem Int Ed Engl
January 2025
Nanchang University, College of Chemistry, No.999 Xuefu Road, Honggutan New District, 330031, Nanchang, CHINA.
Chiral ferroelectrics have recently received considerable interest due to their unique chiroptical properties. They can adopt Kleinman symmetry second-harmonic generation (SHG)-active chiral-polar point groups in the ferroelectric phase while Kleinman symmetry SHG-inactive chiral-nonpolar point groups in the paraelectric phase, providing a great opportunity to realize on/off switching of SHG circular dichroism (SHG-CD) response. However, the SHG-CD effect was rarely explored in chiral ferroelectrics, and the on/off switchable SHG-CD has never been reported.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAngew Chem Int Ed Engl
January 2025
Xiamen University, Department of Chemistry, Siminnan Road 422, 361005, Xiamen, CHINA.
Quintulene is a quintuply symmetrical cycloarene with a positively curved molecular geometry. First described by Staab and Sauer in 1984, its successful synthesis was not achieved until 2020. Due to the challenges posed by its positive curvature, structural extensions of quintulene have been studied rarely.
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