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Numerical Modeling of Particle Dynamics Inside a Dry Powder Inhaler.
Pharmaceutics
November 2022
Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac, Sestre Janjić 6, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
The development of novel dry powders for dry powder inhalers (DPIs) requires the in vitro assessment of DPI aerodynamic performance. As a potential complementary method, in silico numerical simulations can provide additional information about the mechanisms that guide the particles and their behavior inside DPIs. The aim of this study was to apply computational fluid dynamics (CFDs) coupled with a discrete phase model (DPM) to describe the forces and particle trajectories inside the RS01 as a model DPI device.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFParticle Size-dependent Dissolution of Uranium Aerosols in Simulated Lung Fluid: A Case Study in a Nuclear Fuel Fabrication Plant.
Health Phys
July 2022
Westinghouse Electric Sweden AB, Bränslegatan 1, 72136 Västerås, Sweden.
Inhalation exposure to uranium aerosols can be a concern in nuclear fuel fabrication. The ICRP provides default absorption parameters for various uranium compounds but also recommends determination of material-specific absorption parameters to improve dose calculations for individuals exposed to airborne radioactivity. Aerosol particle size influences internal dosimetry calculations in two potentially significant ways: the efficiency of particle deposition in the various regions of the respiratory tract is dependent on aerodynamic particle size, and the dissolution rate of deposited materials can vary according to particle size, shape, and porosity because smaller particles tend to have higher surface-to-volume ratios than larger particles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComparative Assessment of In Vitro and In Silico Methods for Aerodynamic Characterization of Powders for Inhalation.
Pharmaceutics
November 2021
Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac, Sestre Janjić 6, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia.
In vitro assessment of dry powders for inhalation (DPIs) aerodynamic performance is an inevitable test in DPI development. However, contemporary trends in drug development also implicate the use of in silico methods, e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAddressing the Need for Controls on Particle Bounce and Re-entrainment in the Cascade Impactor and for the Mitigation of Electrostatic Charge for Aerodynamic Particle Size Assessment of Orally Inhaled Products: an Assessment by the International Consortium on Regulation and Science (IPAC-RS).
AAPS PharmSciTech
August 2020
Analytical Sciences, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA.
Multi-stage cascade impactors (CI) are accepted for the determination of metrics of the drug mass aerodynamic particle size distributions (APSD) of aerosols emitted from orally inhaled products (OIPs). This is particularly important for products where the drug to excipient ratio or particle density may not be the same in each aerodynamic size fraction; examples of such products are carrier-containing dry powder inhalers (DPIs) and suspension pressurized metered-dose inhalers (pMDIs). CI measurements have been used as the "gold standard" for acceptance of alternative methods of APSD assessment, such as laser diffraction for nebulized solutions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe effect of different coating materials on the prevention of powder bounce in the next generation impactor.
Res Pharm Sci
June 2018
Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, I.R. Iran.
In the process of quality control of pulmonary drug delivery products, aerosolization efficiency is mainly determined using impactors, next generation impactor (NGI). However, particle bounce may interfere with the validity and accuracy of results due to the overestimation of the respirable fraction. It is suggested that the coating of impactor's stages may prevent the particle bounce.
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