Effectiveness of home rehabilitation after stroke in Israel.

On discharge from an acute general hospital after a stroke, 191 patients were in need of, and were appropriate for, multidisciplinary rehabilitation. One-hundred-and-one patients (52.4%) received it in a rehabilitation institution as inpatients (the institutional rehabilitation group (IR) group) and 91 patients received it at home (the home rehabilitation (HR) group). Patients in the HR group had their mobility, activities of daily living (ADL), range of movements, tonus, coordination and sensation determined on admission to home rehabilitation and on discharge from it, 6 weeks to 2 months later. This group contained more women and more patients able to walk with devices and who were partially independent in ADL. The IR group consisted of more men and more patients with diabetes and marked difficulties in ADL and ambulation. In both groups the Barthel index and the Frenchay activities index were determined 1 year after the stroke by way of a telephone interview and no meaningful differences were found between the two groups. IR was considerably more expensive than HR. In Israel there exists a subpopulation of acute stroke survivors in need of, and appropriate for, multidisciplinary rehabilitation that can be provided at home; such rehabilitation was found to be effective in the short and long term, as well as cost effective.