Objective: To develop and evaluate a method for quantitative evaluation of yin and yang (yin and yang scores) in human subjects for the purposes of research. This method aims to classify subjects into groups allowing future quantitative testing of key research questions such as: do different groups of patients respond differently to acupuncture treatments or Chinese herb formulas?
Methods: In a pilot study of inter-rater reliability, 12 volunteers were each successively interviewed and examined by 6 acupuncturists on the same day. Each acupuncturist gave each volunteer a score for yin and a score for yang on a scale of -10 to +10, zero representing a "balanced" score. Acupuncturists were blinded to each other's scores.
Results: Overall mean (+/-standard deviation [SD]) yin and yang scores were -1.86 +/- 0.90 and -0.68 +/- 1.23 respectively. Intraclass correlations (ICCs) associated with a single acupuncturist's ratings were 0.35 (yin) and 0.36 (yang). ICC's for subject's mean scores based on the six acupuncturists were 0.77 (yin) and 0.78 (yang). Significant differences in mean scores across subjects were detected for yin (p < 0.001) and yang (p < 0.001) (repeated-measures analysis of variance [ANOVA]) based on the multiple acupuncturists' ratings.
Conclusion: These results indicate that (1) yin and yang can be quantified in a reliable manner, but evaluation by multiple acupuncturists is necessary to obtain a reliable score; (2) yin and yang scores can be used to group individuals for the purposes of statistical analysis. Further evaluation of yin and yang scores in a greater number and wider variety of patients will be needed to evaluate the potential usefulness of this measurement tool in acupuncture clinical trials and basic physiologic research.
Download full-text PDF |
Source |
|---|---|
| http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/107555304323062392 | DOI Listing |
Publication Analysis
Top Keywords
Similar Publications
Depot-specific acetylation profiles of adipose tissues-therapeutic targets for metabolically unhealthy obesity.
Diabetol Metab Syndr
January 2025
The Centre for Cleft Lip and Palate Treatment, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 33 Badachu Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100144, People's Republic of China.
Background: Adipose tissue plays a critical role in the development of metabolically unhealthy obesity (MUO), with distinct adipose depots demonstrating functional differences. This study aimed to investigate the unique characteristics of subcutaneous (SA) and visceral adipose tissue (VA) in MUO.
Methods: Paired omental VA and abdominal SA samples were obtained from four male patients with MUO and subjected to Four-Dimensional Data Independent Acquisition (4D-DIA) proteomic and lysine acetylation (Kac) analyses.
An effective approach for lignin-based bamboo adhesive preparation via swelling crosslinking.
Int J Biol Macromol
January 2025
Yunnan Province Key Lab of Wood Adhesives and Glued Products, International Joint Research Center for Biomass Materials, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China; Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China. Electronic address:
The preparation of lignin-based adhesives from sustainable lignin sources has garnered increasing attention from many researchers in recent years. However, developing high-performance and environmentally friendly lignin-based adhesives through a simple and efficient approach remains a significant challenge. In this study, aminated corn stover lignin (ACSL) was prepared by aminating corn stover lignin (CSL) using glutaraldehyde and ethylenediamine.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFROS fueled autonomous sol-gel-sol transitions for on-demand modulation of inflammation in osteoarthritis.
J Control Release
January 2025
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Design and Evaluation, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China. Electronic address:
Osteoarthritis is the most prevalent form of arthritis, and a leading cause of pain and long-term disability. Dysregulation of redox homeostasis is a key feature in the pathological progression of osteoarthritis that amplifies the inflammatory response, aggravates synovitis and accelerates cartilage degradation. Herein, a hemin and chitosan-mediated antioxidant gel inducing ROS conversion (hc-MAGIC) was constructed to targeting oxidative stress for osteoarthritis treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe invisible threat: A 30-year review of air pollution's impact on diarrhoea from the global burden of disease study 2021.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf
January 2025
Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China; National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China; State Key Laboratory of Digestive Health, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Digestive Disease Center, Beijing 100050, China; Beijing Key Laboratory for Precancerous Lesion of Digestive Diseases, Beijing 100050, China. Electronic address:
Background: Diarrhoea remains a major contributor to global morbidity and mortality among children younger than 5 years. This study aims to provide an updated assessment of diarrhoea deaths and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) attributable to air pollution from 1990 to 2021.
Methods: The deaths and DALYs data for diarrhoea attributable to air pollution were derived from the 2021 Global Burden of Diseases Study (GBD).
We report the first evidence for the h_{b}(2P)→ϒ(1S)η transition with a significance of 3.5 standard deviations. The decay branching fraction is measured to be B[h_{b}(2P)→ϒ(1S)η]=(7.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFWant AI Summaries of new PubMed Abstracts delivered to your In-box?
Enter search terms and have AI summaries delivered each week - change queries or unsubscribe any time!