Utilizing a human cytomegalovirus-specific fusion inhibitor and an antiglycoprotein H antibody, we studied the role of virion fusion in interferon-stimulated gene (ISG) induction. Our results indicate that ISG induction does not occur when virion-mediated, post-high-affinity attachment events are inhibited by either reagent. Thus, virion-mediated postattachment events, such as fusion, are required for ISG induction.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/JVI.78.12.6688-6691.2004 | DOI Listing |
PLoS Pathog
December 2024
Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States of America.
The circulation of seasonal influenza A viruses (IAVs) in humans relies on effective evasion and subversion of the host immune response. While the evolution of seasonal H1N1 and H3N2 viruses to avoid humoral immunity is well characterized, relatively little is known about the evolution of innate immune antagonism phenotypes in these viruses. Numerous studies have established that only a small subset of infected cells is responsible for initiating the type I and type III interferon (IFN) response during IAV infection, emphasizing the importance of single cell studies to accurately characterize the IFN response during infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
November 2024
Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, UK.
Blood transcriptional biomarkers of acute viral infections typically reflect type 1 interferon (IFN) signalling, but it is not known whether there are biological differences in their regulation that can be leveraged for distinct translational applications. We use high frequency sampling in the SARS-CoV-2 human challenge model to show induction of IFN-stimulated gene (ISG) expression with different temporal and cellular profiles. MX1 gene expression correlates with a rapid and transient wave of ISG expression across all cell types, which may precede PCR detection of replicative infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMed Microbiol Immunol
November 2024
Department of Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Virology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
The recent outbreak of monkeypox virus (MPXV) has caused global concern. How the virus evades the interferon (IFN) response is still poorly understood. We analyzed type I/II IFN (IFN-I/II) expression in clinical samples from MPXV-infected patients and measured IFN-I kinetics in MPXV-infected cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFProc Natl Acad Sci U S A
October 2024
Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1163, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, Paris 75015, France.
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