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http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-5415.2004.52277_11.x | DOI Listing |
Surg Neurol Int
December 2024
Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.
Neurosurgical operations treat involuntary movement disorders (MvDs), spasticity, cranial neuralgias, cancer pain, and other selected disorders, and implantable neurostimulation or drug delivery devices relieve MvDs, epilepsy, cancer pain, and spasticity. In contrast, studies of surgery or device implantations to treat chronic noncancer pain or mental conditions have not shown consistent evidence of efficacy and safety in formal, randomized, controlled trials. The success of particular operations in a finite set of disorders remains at odds with disconfirming results in others.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBr J Anaesth
January 2025
Universitätsmedizin Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
Etomidate, an intravenous hypnotic used for anaesthesia and critical care, is known for its undesirable side effects, including pain on injection, myoclonus, and adrenocortical depression. Despite its continued clinical use because of its haemodynamic stability and rapid onset and offset of effect, alternatives like propofol, ketamine, and remimazolam offer fewer drawbacks. Recent efforts to improve etomidate through chemical modifications, such as methoxyethyl etomidate hydrochloride (ET-26), have shown limited success, with persistent issues like involuntary muscle movements and adrenocortical suppression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAlcohol Res
December 2024
Health Sciences Library, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona.
Purpose: Most research on the structural determinants of substance use and mental health has centered around widely studied factors such as alcohol taxes, tobacco control policies, essential/precursor chemical regulations, neighborhood/city characteristics, and immigration policies. Other structural determinants exist, however, many of which are being identified in the emerging fields of structural stigma, structural racism, and structural sexism. This narrative review surveys the measures and designs used in substance use and mental health studies from these three fields.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFQual Health Res
December 2024
Institute for Medical Ethics and History of Medicine, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
Relatives are increasingly recognized as important in the care of people with a serious mental health condition, such as major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, or schizophrenia. Research indicates that in providing care, relatives use so-called treatment pressures, such as persuasion, interpersonal leverage, inducements, or threats, to promote the treatment compliance of their family member. This grounded theory study investigated why relatives use treatment pressures by analyzing the experiences of relatives of people with a serious mental health condition before, during, and after mental health crises of their family member.
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