Evidence is reviewed to indicate that the conditioning regimens given to prepare the patient for bone marrow transplantation have two unintended but desirable consequences: (a) they eliminate endogenous progenitor cells that may otherwise be in competition with grafted hemopoietic progenitor cells, leaving all homing sites open for transplanted cells, and (b) they induce membrane alterations in marrow endothelium, thus effectively removing the endothelial barrier which otherwise the grafted cells must negotiate to enter the hemopoietic compartment of the marrow. Hence the conditioning regimens may also facilitate the homing of transplanted cells.
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