This summary describes current studies in antiviral targeting as reported at the Frontiers in HIV Therapy conference, November 3-7, 1991, in San Diego, California. In parallel with the progressive steps in HIV-1 replication, the meeting covered potential antiviral targets starting from the time HIV-1 docks with the CD4 receptor to virus release. The summary concludes with current research trends to block HIV-1 growth.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/aid.1992.8.659 | DOI Listing |
J Pediatric Infect Dis Soc
January 2025
Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH Bethesda, MD, USA.
Background: Vertical HIV-1 transmission despite antiretroviral therapy may be mitigated by use of long-acting, broadly neutralizing, monoclonal antibodies (bNAb) such as VRC07523LS. The present study was designed to determine the safety and pharmacokinetics of VRC07523LS.
Methods: VRC07523LS, 80 mg/dose, was administered subcutaneously after birth to non-breastfed (Cohort 1; N=11, enrolled in USA) and breastfed (Cohort 2; N=11, enrolled in South Africa and Zimbabwe) infants exposed to HIV-1.
Front Immunol
January 2025
Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, United States.
Introduction: Rhesus macaques have long been a focus of research for understanding immune responses to human pathogens due to their close phylogenetic relationship with humans. As rhesus macaque antibody germlines show high degrees of polymorphism, the spectrum of database-covered genes expressed in individual macaques remains to be determined.
Methods: Here, four rhesus macaques infected with SHIV became a study of interest because they developed broadly neutralizing antibodies against HIV-1.
Front Microbiol
November 2024
Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, United States.
Introduction: The full extent of interactions between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, injection drug use, and the human microbiome is unclear. In this study, we examined the microbiomes of HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals, both drug-injecting and non-injecting, to identify bacterial community changes in response to HIV and drug use. We utilized a well-established cohort of people who inject drugs in Puerto Rico, a region with historically high levels of injection drug use and an HIV incidence rate disproportionately associated with drug use.
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November 2024
Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Front Immunol
November 2024
Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States.
Nonhuman primate (NHP) models employing simian/simian-human immunodeficiency viruses (SIV/SHIVs) played a major role in the study of HIV pathogenesis, latency, and cure studies in a preclinical setting. However, it took many years to arrive at the current effective triple drug ARV regimen against SIV due to the genetic differences with that of HIVs. Since new combinations of drugs will be used in the evolving HIV cure studies, a small animal model would be ideal to determine their efficacy against the commonly used SIVs such as SIVmac239 to triage ineffective drugs prior to their application in NHPs.
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