In vitro studies suggest that insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I is a mitogen for microglia/macrophages. The actions of IGF-I are mediated by IGF-I receptors and modulated by IGF binding proteins (IGFBPs). The aim of this study was to investigate IGF-I receptors and IGFBPs in human microglia in normal brain white matter and active lesions of multiple sclerosis, which contain activated microglia/macrophages. Methods used were immunohistochemistry and confocal laser microscopy. IGF-I receptors were demonstrated in both resting and activated microglia. In resting conditions, microglia displayed no immunoreactivity for any of the six IGFBPs, whereas activated microglia/macrophages were immunoreactive for IGFBP-2 only. Our data suggest an important function for IGFBP-2 in IGF-I actions in activated microglia/macrophages in human brain.
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