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Hawks, Doves, and Perissodus microlepis. Undermining the selected effects theory of function.
Hist Philos Life Sci
January 2025
Department Civilization and Forms of Knowledge, University of Pisa, Pisa, PI, Italy.
The selected effects theory is supposed to provide a fully naturalistic basis for statements about what biological traits or processes are for without appeal to final causes or intelligent design. On the selected effects theory, biologists are allowed to say, for instance, that hindwing eyespots on butterfly wings serve to deflect predators' attacks away from vital organs because a similar fitness-enhancing effect explains why eyespots themselves were favoured by natural selection and persisted in the population. This is known as the explanatory dimension of the selected effects theory.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFReal-Time PPG-Based Biometric Identification: Advancing Security with 2D Gram Matrices and Deep Learning Models.
Sensors (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lebanese International University, Beirut P.O. Box 146404, Lebanon.
The integration of liveness detection into biometric systems is crucial for countering spoofing attacks and enhancing security. This study investigates the efficacy of photoplethysmography (PPG) signals, which offer distinct advantages over traditional biometric techniques. PPG signals are non-invasive, inherently contain liveness information that is highly resistant to spoofing, and are cost-efficient, making them a superior alternative for biometric authentication.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEngineering performance and environmental assessment of sustainable concrete incorporating nano silica and metakaolin as cementitious materials.
Sci Rep
January 2025
School of Civil Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600127, India.
The carbon footprint associated with cement production, coupled with depletion of natural resources and climate change, underscores the need for sustainable alternatives. This study explores the effect of metakaolin (MK) and nano-silica (NS) on concrete's engineering performance and environmental impact. Initially, compressive, tensile, and flexural strength tests, along with durability assessments like water absorption, sorptivity, rapid chloride permeability, and resistance to acid and sulphate attacks, were conducted.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnhancing heart disease classification based on greylag goose optimization algorithm and long short-term memory.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Communications and Electronics, Delta Higher Institute of Engineering and Technology, Mansoura, 35111, Egypt.
Heart disease is a category of various conditions that affect the heart, which includes multiple diseases that influence its structure and operation. Such conditions may consist of coronary artery disease, which is characterized by the narrowing or clotting of the arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle, with the resulting threat of heart attacks. Heart rhythm disorders (arrhythmias), heart valve problems, congenital heart defects present at birth, and heart muscle disorders (cardiomyopathies) are other types of heart disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFC3aR1-Deletion Delays Retinal Degeneration in a White-Light Damage Mouse Model.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci
January 2025
Laboratory for Experimental Immunology of the Eye, Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Cologne, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
Purpose: In the aging retina, persistent activation of microglia is known to play a key role in retinal degenerative diseases like age-related macular degeneration (AMD). Furthermore, dysregulation of the alternative complement pathway is generally accepted as the main driver for AMD disease progression and microglia are important producers of local complement and are equipped with complement receptors themselves. Here, we investigate the involvement of anaphylatoxin signaling, predominantly on Iba1+ cell activity, in light-induced retinal degeneration as a model for dry AMD, using anaphylatoxin receptor knockout (KO) mice.
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