Examination of risk factors of infection and falling ill with tuberculosis in 453 adolescents who had different contacts with patients with tuberculosis (a study group) and 246 from the healthy environment (a control group) has ascertained that adolescents living in death foci fell ill with tuberculosis 6 times as frequent as the controls (18.2 versus 3.3%) and 3 times as frequent as other subgroups. A subgroup from bacterial isolation foci was the second severest epidemiological risk. They fell ill with tuberculosis twice as frequent as the persons having a contact with patients without bacterial isolates (8.0 and 4.1%) and 2.5 times as frequent as the controls (8.0 and 3.3%). In these subgroups of those fell ill with tuberculosis was slightly more than in the control group (4.1, 4.0, and 3.3%, respectively).
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Biomedicines
November 2024
Department of Pharmacognosy and Herbal Medicines, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland.
Critical and progressive cachexia may be observed in numerous medical disciplines, but in patients with various diseases, several pathways overlap (endocrine, inflammatory and kidney diseases, heart failure, cancer). Unlike numerous cohort studies that examine thyroid cancer and risk factors, a different method was used to avoid bias and analyze the sequence of events, i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Public Health
December 2024
Department of Chemistry, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Wollega University, P.O. Box 395, Nekemte, Ethiopia.
Background: Indoor air pollution (IAP) is the major contributor (26%) to TB, in addition to other socioeconomic and environmental factors. It occurs in most developing countries like India, where people rely on the combustion of biomass-based solid fuels (low combustion efficiency and high pollution emissions) due to the prevailing socio-economic conditions. However, this cause-and-effect relationship between TB and IAP has not been studied much.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIndian J Pediatr
December 2024
Professor Emeritus Pediatrics, Sri Venkateshwaraa Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Ariyur, Pondicherry, India.
The 48 y as a pediatrician, serving children and families was beyond attending to their presenting complaints. The combined roles as a child health doctor, medical teacher, researcher and administrator were interesting, nevertheless a tightrope walk. The lessons and wisdom that emerged from my learning journey, guided by my esteemed mentors, made me realise that the history and physical examination remain as the foundation of clinical assessment of a well or an ill child, even when we rely on technology to make a diagnosis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Clin Tuberc Other Mycobact Dis
December 2024
Laboratorio de Sistemas Biológicos, Departamento de Ciencias de la Salud, Centro Universitario de los Valles, Universidad de Guadalajara, Carretera Guadalajara - Ameca Km. 45.5, Ameca 46600, Jalisco, México.
Tuberculosis (TB) is a worldwide public health problem with 10.6 million people falling ill and 1.5 million deaths every year.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBMC Glob Public Health
October 2024
Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, Oxford University, Oxford, UK.
Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a stigmatised disease with intersectional associations with poverty, HIV, transmission risk and mortality. The use of visible TB infection prevention and control (IPC) measures, such as masks or isolation, can contribute to stigma.
Methods: To explore stigma in this condition, we conducted in-depth individual interviews with 18 health workers and 15 patients in the rural Eastern Cape of South Africa using a semi-structured interview guide and narrative approach.
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