AI Article Synopsis
- S-adenosylmethionine (SAM) is a key sulfonium compound that acts as the primary methyl donor for various biological reactions facilitated by methyltransferases.
- SAM also provides important groups for the synthesis of various compounds, including methylene, amino, ribosyl, and aminopropyl groups, contributing to the formation of essential biomolecules.
- The chemistry of SAM is primarily influenced by the electrophilic nature of the carbon centers near its positively charged sulfur atom, and it can generate 5'-deoxyadenosyl radicals that kickstart numerous metabolic and biosynthetic processes.
Article Abstract
S-adenosylmethionine (SAM or AdoMet) is a biological sulfonium compound known as the major biological methyl donor in reactions catalyzed by methyltransferases. SAM is also used as a source of methylene groups (in the synthesis of cyclopropyl fatty acids), amino groups (in the synthesis of 7,8-diaminoperlagonic acid, a precursor of biotin), ribosyl groups (in the synthesis of epoxyqueuosine, a modified nucleoside in tRNAs) and aminopropyl groups (in the synthesis of ethylene and polyamines). Even though the mechanism of most of these reactions has not been extensively characterized, it is likely that the chemistry at work is mainly driven by the electrophilic character of the carbon centers that are adjacent to the positively charged sulfur atom of SAM. In addition, SAM, upon one-electron reduction, is a source of 5'-deoxyadenosyl radicals, which initiate many metabolic reactions and biosynthetic pathways by hydrogen-atom abstraction. SAM presents a unique situation in which all constituent parts have a chemical use.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tibs.2004.03.007 | DOI Listing |
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