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Objectives: Squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal (SCCA) is a rare condition. Standard treatment includes chemoradiotherapy, with surgical treatment reserved for limited cases. In the future, the decrease in surgical frequency makes it more difficult to pathologically assess the depth of tumor invasion and lymph node status; therefore, those studies based on relatively recent surgical cases may offer valuable insights into diagnosing and treating SCCA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPatient-derived xenografts from circulating cancer stem cells as a preclinical model for personalized pancreatic cancer research.
Sci Rep
January 2025
Department of Surgery, University Hospital Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany.
Patient-derived xenografts (PDXs) provide biologically relevant models and potential platforms for the development of treatment strategies for precision medicine in pancreatic cancer. Furthermore, circulating epithelial tumor cells (CETCs/CTCs) are released into the bloodstream by solid tumors and a rare subpopulation-circulating cancer stem cells (cCSCs) - is considered to be responsible for recurrence and plays a key role in metastasis. For the identification of cCSCs, an innovative in vitro assay to generate tumorspheres was established in this study.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFHigh Sensitivity of Fine-Needle Aspiration Calcitonin in Detecting Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma Is Independent of Predefined Decisional Thresholds.
Diagn Cytopathol
January 2025
Servizio di Endocrinologia e Diabetologia, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), Lugano, Switzerland.
The measurement of Calcitonin (Ctn) in fine-needle aspiration (FNA) washout fluids (FNA-Ctn) has demonstrated excellent sensitivity, significantly higher than FNA cytology, in detecting medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC). However, the absence of a fixed cutoff value for FNA-Ctn poses a limitation. This study aimed to investigate whether the sensitivity of FNA-Ctn in detecting MTC varies with different cutoffs reported in the literature.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMachine learning-based prognostic modeling in gallbladder cancer using clinical data and pre-treatment [F]-FDG-PET-radiomic features.
Jpn J Radiol
December 2024
Department of Radiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan.
Objectives: This study evaluates the effectiveness of machine learning (ML) models that incorporate clinical and 2-deoxy-2-[F]fluoro-D-glucose ([F]-FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET)-radiomic features for predicting outcomes in gallbladder cancer patients.
Materials And Methods: The study analyzed 52 gallbladder cancer patients who underwent pre-treatment [F]-FDG-PET/CT scans between January 2011 and December 2021. Twenty-seven patients were assigned to the training cohort between January 2011 and January 2018, and the data randomly split into training (70%) and validation (30%) sets.
Treatment approaches for prostate cancer in sub-Saharan Africa.
Transl Cancer Res
November 2024
Division of Medical Oncology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
Prostate cancer (CaP) represents a significant cause of cancer-related mortality on a global scale. Low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), particularly those in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), face a disproportionate burden of this disease. Underlying genetic factors as well as barriers to early diagnosis and treatment lead to overall worse outcomes for CaP patients in SSA compared with the United States (U.
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