The TIME-EA4, from silkworm diapause eggs of pure strain C108, Bombyx mori, has glycosylated chain as tetrasaccharide (Man(2)GlcNAc(2)) attaching to the Asn(22) of T3 peptide from tryptic digests. On the other hand, from Showa silkworm strain we additionally observed a pentasaccharide (Man(3)GlcNAc(2)) on T3 at the same linkage site. The linkage pattern of the 5-sugar chain was studied through Smith degradation combined with LC-MS and MS/MS analyses. These advanced methods led us to conclude that the pentasaccharide was branching as Man 1-->3(Man 1-->6)Man 1-->4GlcNAc 1-->4GlcNAc.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmcl.2004.02.093 | DOI Listing |
Insects
December 2024
Department of Biology, National Museum of Natural Science, 1 Kuan-Chien Road, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
In the present study, we investigated the possible correlation between insulin/ecdysone signaling and chilling-induced egg diapause termination in . Changes in () and () gene expression levels in chilled eggs (whose diapause had been terminated by chilling to 5 °C for 90 days) exhibited no significant increase after being transferred to 25 °C, which differed from both non-diapause eggs and HCl-treated eggs. We further compared the differential temporal expressions of (, -, and ), ( and ), and ( () and ()) as well as () genes between chilled eggs and eggs kept at 25 °C.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArch Insect Biochem Physiol
December 2024
Department of Sericultural Science, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China.
Instant and refrigerated acid soaking are commonly used in cocoon production to prevent or break diapause, and provide developable silkworm eggs for sericulture, while their mechanisms have not been fully understood. This study aims to investigate the mechanisms by which hydrochloric acid (HCl) or dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) promotes embryonic development in silkworm Bombyx mori, focusing on the chloride ion (Cl) related gene expression profiles. Our results revealed that the HCl treatment of up to 6 min enhanced hatchability in freshly picked and cold-stored eggs, whereas a slight decrease in hatchability was observed in those treated with DMSO for 40 min.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInsect Biochem Mol Biol
September 2024
Department of Agricultural and Environmental Biology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan. Electronic address:
Most insects enter diapause, a state of physiological dormancy crucial for enduring harsh seasons, with photoperiod serving as the primary cue for its induction, ensuring proper seasonal timing of the process. Although the involvement of the circadian clock in the photoperiodic time measurement has been demonstrated through knockdown or knockout of clock genes, the involvement of clock gene cryptochrome 1 (cry1), which functions as a photoreceptor implicated in photoentrainment of the circadian clock across various insect species, remains unclear. In bivoltine strains of the silkworm, Bombyx mori, embryonic diapause is maternally controlled and affected by environmental conditions experienced by mother moths during embryonic and larval stages.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInsects
April 2024
Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Sericultural and Animal Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, China.
Genetic mutations leading to premature termination codons are known to have detrimental effects. Using the Lepidoptera model insect, the silkworm (), we explored the genetic compensatory response triggered by mutations with premature termination codons. Additionally, we delved into the molecular mechanisms associated with the nonsense-mediated mRNA degradation pathway.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFZoolog Sci
April 2024
Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan,
The silkworm exhibits a photoperiodic response (PR) for embryonic diapause induction. This article provides a comprehensive review of literature on the silkworm PR, starting from early works on population to recent studies uncovering the molecular mechanism. Makita Kogure (1933) conducted extensive research on the PR, presenting a pioneering paper on insect photoperiodism.
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