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Microchimerism: The mystery of multiple DNA and its implications in forensic sciences.

Forensic Sci Int

December 2024

Department of Science, Institute of Forensic Sciences and Legal Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey. Electronic address:

Microchimerism (MC) refers to the presence of small amounts of foreign cells or DNA in the tissues or circulation of an individual. It generally occurs through mother-fetus interaction, twin pregnancies, and intergenerational transmission. MC is influenced by genetic and environmental factors such as toxic conditions, immunological suppression, and various diseases (influenza, COVID-19, etc.

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Transient abnormal myelopoiesis (TAM) generally affects newborns with Down syndrome and is associated with constitutional trisomy 21 and a somatic GATA1 mutation. Here we describe a case of TAM which evolved after umbilical cord blood transplantation (UCBT), whose origin was identified as a GATA1 mutation-harboring clone in umbilical cord blood (UCB) by detailed genetic analyses. A 58-year-old male who received UCBT for peripheral T-cell lymphoma presented progressive anemia and thrombocytopenia, and leukocytosis with blast cells in the peripheral blood (PB).

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Clinical relevance of feto-maternal microchimerism in (hematopoietic stem cell) transplantation.

Semin Immunopathol

December 2024

Division of Pediatric Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunology, Clinic of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.

Toleration of a semi-allogeneic fetus in the mother's uterus as well as tolerance after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) appear to share some immunologic concepts. The existence of microchimeric cells, and the original idea of a bidirectional cell trafficking between mother and child during pregnancy have been known for decades. Today, origins and mechanisms of persistence of microchimeric cells are intensively being elucidated.

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Article Synopsis
  • - In utero hematopoietic cell transplantation (IUHCT) takes advantage of the fetus's immune tolerance to successfully introduce donor cells without prior conditioning or immunosuppression, aiming for long-lasting cell integration.
  • - A study injected adult bone marrow cells into fetal mice at gestational ages 12-17 days, finding the highest concentration of donor cells in the brain when injected between GA 13-14, with significant persistence of these cells in the hindbrain.
  • - This research is groundbreaking as it details how donor cells migrate into the nervous system during fetal development, laying the groundwork for using IUHCT to potentially treat neurogenetic disorders.
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Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is a multifactorial condition, encompassing genetic, anatomical, immunological, endocrine, as well as infectious and environmental factors; however, the etiology remains elusive in a substantial number of cases. Genetic factors linked to RPL include parental karyotype abnormalities (e.g.

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