This study investigated event-related potential (ERP) effects when judgments about temporal context (recency judgments) required the retrieval of different amount of information. Subjects studied two consecutively presented word lists and at test made recency judgments to word pairs composed of two previously studied words, one drawn from each list ('Old + Old different' pairs), both drawn from the same list ('Old + Old same' pairs), or two unstudied words ('New + New' pairs). A frontopolar old/new effect was elicited by correct recency judgments which did not differ between both 'Old + Old' pairs. This finding suggests that the generators of the frontopolar old/new effect are not sensitive to the differing retrieval demands required here. However, an old/new effect over left inferior temporal electrodes was larger for 'Old + Old same' than for 'Old + Old different' pairs. The significance of these old/new effects are discussed in relation to the broader pattern of old/new effects seen in standard tests of declarative memory retrieval.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsycho.2003.10.009 | DOI Listing |
Memory
January 2025
William James Center for Research, Department of Education and Psychology, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
Previous research has revealed enhanced free recall for neutral items previously associated with disease-causing agents, compared to when they are associated with neutral information; this has been termed the contamination effect. However, it remains unknown whether this effect extends to recognition memory and, if so, on what processes it would rely (i.e.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNat Commun
August 2024
School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
Acetylcholine regulates various cognitive functions through broad cholinergic innervation. However, specific cholinergic subpopulations, circuits and molecular mechanisms underlying recognition memory remain largely unknown. Here we show that Ngfr cholinergic neurons in the substantia innominate (SI)/nucleus basalis of Meynert (nBM)-medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) circuit selectively underlies recency judgements.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMemory
May 2024
Department of Psychology, Thompson Rivers University, Kamloops, Canada.
In repeated-event paradigms where participants are asked to recall details of a sequence of similar instances they viewed/experienced previously, more accurate details are typically recalled from the first and final instances (i.e., long-term primacy and recency effects).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFElife
April 2024
Sainsbury Wellcome Centre, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
The central tendency bias, or contraction bias, is a phenomenon where the judgment of the magnitude of items held in working memory appears to be biased toward the average of past observations. It is assumed to be an optimal strategy by the brain and commonly thought of as an expression of the brain's ability to learn the statistical structure of sensory input. On the other hand, recency biases such as serial dependence are also commonly observed and are thought to reflect the content of working memory.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCogn Emot
April 2024
Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Despite the salient experience of encoding threatening events, these memories are prone to distortions and often non-veridical from encoding to recall. Further, threat has been shown to preferentially disrupt the binding of event details and enhance goal-relevant information. While extensive work has characterised distinctive features of emotional memory, research has not fully explored the influence threat has on temporal memory, a process putatively supported by the binding of event details into a temporal context.
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