[Urogenital lymphoma presenting with obstructive anuria].

The authors report a case of urogenital lymphoma with multiple sites in a patient presenting with oligo-anuria. Clinical examination revealed a hard hypogastric and prostatic mass and an enlarged left scrotum. Abdominopelvic and scrotal ultrasound demonstrated a prostatic tumour, a hypogastric mass, hepatic nodular lesions and coeliac lymphadenopathy with bilateral ureterohydronephrosis and a heterogeneous intrascrotal mass in contact with the lower pole of the left testis. The laboratory assessment revealed severe renal failure. After a haemodialysis session and ultrasound-guided right percutaneous nephrostomy, pelvic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) showed a very large pelvic mass between the bladder and the rectum and transrectal biopsy of the mass confirmed the diagnosis of high-grade malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) with a type B lymphoblastic phenotype. Treatment consisted of chemotherapy according to the LMB 93 protocol. The course was favourable with return of normal renal function and complete remission 1 month after induction. The patient is currently in complete remission with a follow-up of 12 months. In the light of this case and a review of the literature, the authors discuss the diagnostic, therapeutic and prognostic aspects of this rare site of lymphoma.