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A review of professionalism in surgery.
Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent)
September 2024
Department of Orthopaedics, University of North Carolina, Novant Health, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA.
Article Synopsis
- Surgeons have distinct expectations and responsibilities when it comes to professionalism, especially due to their interactions with various groups including peers, trainees, and patients in high-stress situations.
- Effective communication and respectful professional behavior are crucial and are currently adapting to reflect the changing workforce and societal norms.
- Professionalism is now being formally taught in medical education, with future developments including standardized training modules and connections to surgeon evaluation, credentialing, and reimbursement processes.
Background: Carefully planned research is critical to developing policies and interventions that counter physical, psychological and social challenges faced by young people living with HIV/AIDS, without increasing burdens. Such studies, however, must navigate a 'vulnerability paradox', since including potentially vulnerable groups also risks unintentionally worsening their situation. Through embedded social science research, linked to a cohort study involving Adolescents Living with HIV/AIDS (ALH) in Kenya, we develop an account of researchers' responsibilities towards young people, incorporating concepts of vulnerability, resilience, and agency as 'interacting layers'.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFShould institutions fund the feedback of individual findings in genomic research?
J Med Ethics
July 2024
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
The article argues the thesis that institutions have a obligation to fund the feedback of individual findings in genomic research conducted on the African continent by drawing arguments from an underexplored Afro-communitarian view of distributive justice and rights of researchers to be aided. Whilst some studies have explored how institutions have a duty to support return as a form of ancillary care or additional foreseeable service in research by mostly appealing to dominant principles and theories in the Global North, this mostly explores this question by appealing to underexplored African philosophy. This is a new way of thinking about institutional responsibility to fund feedback and responds to the call to decolonise health research in Africa.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIntroduction: Numerous guidelines and policies for ethical research practice have evolved over time, how this translates to global health practice in resource-constrained settings is unclear. The purpose of this paper is to describe how the concept of ancillary care has evolved over time and how it is included in the ethics guidelines and policy documents that guide the conduct of research in the global south with both an international focus and providing a specific example of Malawi, where the first author lives and works, as a case study.
Methods: Discourse analysis was conducted on 34 international ethics guidelines and policy documents.
Practices and Attitudes toward Returning Genomic Research Results to Low-Resource Research Participants.
Public Health Genomics
February 2022
Social and Behavioral Research Branch, National Human Genome Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Introduction: Many research programs are challenged to accommodate low-resource research participants' (LRRP) ancillary care needs when returning genomic research results. We define LRRP as those who are low income, uninsured, underinsured, or facing barriers to act upon the results returned. This study evaluates current policies and practices surrounding return of results (RoR) to LRRP, as well as the attitudes of investigators toward providing ancillary care to LRRP.
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