Expression of urokinase in murine and rat cells was performed by two recombinant constructs, one containing cDNA and the other--hybrid (cDNA/genome) variant of human urokinase gene conserving 7 introns of 10, in the eukaryotic retrovirus vector pPS-3-neo. DNA of both constructs was introduced into packaging cell line psi 2 by a standard Ca-phosphate transfection technique. Infection of mouse and rat fibroblasts BALB/c 3T3 and Rat I with virus particles, produced by transfected psi 2 cells, led to an integration into the host genome of one or two recombinant proviral copies. Stable expression and secretion into the culture medium of glycosylated high molecular weight human urokinase was observed for both cell types. For the hybrid gene construct, precise excision of intervening sequences was shown during transferring of genetic material from packaging to recipient cells.
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Eur J Pharmacol
January 2025
Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Tianjin Branch of National Clinical Research Center for Ocular Disease, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital. Electronic address:
Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) has become the second most common retinal vascular disease after diabetic retinopathy. Existing therapeutic approaches, including intravitreal injection of antivascular endothelial growth factors (anti-VEGFs) and/or glucocorticoids and laser therapy, primarily address secondary macular edema and neovascularisation. However, these strategies do not address the underlying cause of the disease and may have harmful side effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
January 2025
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Horvatovac 102, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
The role of the plasminogen activation system is to regulate the activity of the extracellular protease plasmin. It comprises the urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA), a specific extracellular protease which activates plasminogen, its inhibitor PAI1, and the urokinase plasminogen activator receptor, uPAR, which localizes the urokinase activity. The plasminogen activation system is involved in tissue remodeling through extracellular matrix degradation, and therefore participates in numerous physiological and pathological processes, which make it a potential biomarker.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFVet Res
January 2025
Laboratory of Helminth Parasites of Zoonotic Importance (ATENEA), Institute of Natural Resources and Agrobiology of Salamanca (IRNASA-CSIC), Salamanca, Spain.
Plasmin, the final product of fibrinolysis, is a broad-spectrum serine protease that degrades extracellular matrix (ECM) components, a function exploited by multiple pathogens for dissemination purposes. The trematode Fasciola hepatica is the leading cause of fasciolosis, a major disease of livestock and an emerging zoonosis in humans. Infection success depends on the ability of F.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Ther
January 2025
Immune Health, Hunter Medical Research Institute and The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia; Centre for Inflammation, Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Electronic address:
Vitronectin (VTN) is an important extracellular matrix protein in tissue remodeling, but its role in COPD is unknown. We show that VTN regulates tissue remodeling through urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) signaling pathway in COPD. In human COPD airways and bronchoepithelial cells and the airways of mice with cigarette smoke (CS)-induced experimental COPD, VTN protein was not changed, but downstream uPA signaling was altered (increased plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, uPAR) that induced collagen and airway remodeling.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnim Behav
January 2025
Department of Anthropology, New York University, New York, NY, U.S.A.
The effect of the social environment on the proinflammatory immune response may mediate the relationship between social environment and fitness but remains understudied outside captive animals and human populations. Age can also influence both immune function and social behaviour, and hence may modulate their relationships. This study investigates the role of social interactions in driving the concentrations of two urinary markers of proinflammatory immune activation, neopterin and soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR), in a free-ranging population of rhesus macaques, .
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