This study investigates the ultrastructure of articular tissue generated on osteochondral defects in skeletally immature rabbits from free reversed periosteal allografts after 50 and 100 days of post-operative intermittent active motion. Tissue samples prepared for transmission electron microscopy were compared with normal cartilage and periosteum in terms of cell morphology and the pattern of intercellular collagen deposition. Well-differentiated tissue demonstrated many ultrastructural features of normal articular cartilage while poorly differentiated samples contained cells and intercellular collagen profiles which were somewhat similar to those observed in periosteum.
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Acta Biomater
January 2025
Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences, University of Exeter, UK. Electronic address:
The biomechanical properties of articular cartilage arise from a complex bioenvironment comprising hierarchically organised collagen networks within the extracellular matrix (ECM) that interact with the proteoglycan-rich interstitial fluid. This network features a depth-dependent fibril organisation across different zones. Understanding how collagen fibrils respond to external loading is key to elucidating the mechanisms behind lesion and managing degenerative conditions like osteoarthritis.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAnn Jt
October 2024
Department of Sports Medicine, Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
Background: Long-term exposure to weightlessness can result in bone and muscle degradation, significantly impacting musculoskeletal function. Recent studies have also indicated damage to articular cartilage due to weightlessness. This study aims to observe the effects of simulated weightlessness on the cartilage microstructure of the quadriceps muscle and the muscular knee joint in rats.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAdv Sci (Weinh)
January 2025
Centre for Bioengineering and School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary University of London, London, E1 4NS, UK.
By developing a 3D X-ray modeling and spatially correlative imaging method for fibrous collagenous tissues, this study provides a comprehensive mapping of nanoscale deformation in the collagen fibril network across the intact bone-cartilage unit (BCU), whose healthy functioning is critical for joint function and preventing degeneration. Extracting the 3D fibril structure from 2D small-angle X-ray scattering before and during physiological compression reveals of dominant deformation modes, including crystallinity transitions, lateral fibril compression, and reorientation, which vary in a coupled, nonlinear, and correlated manner across the cartilage-bone interface. A distinct intermolecular arrangement of collagen molecules, and enhanced molecular-level disorder, is found in the cartilage (sliding) surface region.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiomolecules
October 2024
Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133 Rome, Italy.
In the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis and osteoporosis, articular cartilage and bone represent the target tissues, respectively, but muscle is also involved. Since many changes in energy metabolism occur in muscle with aging, the aim of the present work was to investigate the involvement of carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1b (Cpt1b) in the muscle pathophysiology of the two diseases. Healthy subjects (CTR, = 5), osteoarthritic (OA, = 10), and osteoporotic (OP, = 10) patients were enrolled.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Orthop Res
February 2025
Sports Medicine and Shoulder Service, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA.
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