Activity of polytene chromosome puffs at the 0-hour prepupae stage and bioelectric properties of cellular nuclei of salivary glands were investigated under the influence of the hormone 20-OH-ecdysone in vitro in highly inbred selected lines LA (low activity) and HA (high activity) and their F1 hybrids LA x HA and Ha x LA. The inadaptive line LA differs from the line HA by the smaller size of the puffs. The hybrids exceed the best parental line by the size of the majority of the investigated puffs. In the course of investigation of F1 hybrids Ha x LA chromosomes the phenomenon of heteropuffing has been revealed at the asinapsis sites. In vitro impact of ecdysone increases the electrokinetic potential of cellular nuclei; in hybrids this effect expressed more strongly than in parental lines. The data obtained indicate genetic differences in puffing activity in Drosophila polytene chromosomes as a result of inbreeding, destabilizing selection and heterosis effect, and they also confirm the correlation of bioelectric properties of the nuclear genome with regulation of genetic activity of a cellular nucleus.
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