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Role of curcumin in protection of gastric mucosa against stress-induced gastric mucosal damage. Involvement of hypoacidity, vasoactive mediators and sensory neuropeptides.
J Physiol Pharmacol
April 2016
Department of Physiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Cracow, Poland.
The antioxidizing properties of curcumin, a highly pleiotropic substance used for centuries in traditional medicine has been confirmed by numerous experimental and clinical studies. Curcumin exhibits anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative and anti-angiogenic actions inhibiting the development and progression of tumors but the efficacy of this compound to influence gastric acid secretion n in the stomach and to affect the gastric mucosal damage induced by non-topical ulcerogenes such as stress has been little studied. We determined the effect of curcumin on basal and pentagastrin- or histamine-stimulated gastric secretion, in rats with surgically implemented gastric fistulas and we assessed the contribution of gastric secretion, endogenous prostaglandin (PG), endogenous nitric oxide (NO), as well as sensory afferent nerves in the mechanisms underlying the potential gastroprotective effects of curcumin against stress-induced gastric mucosal lesions.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEnhancing hippocampal blood flow after cerebral ischemia and vasodilating basilar arteries: in vivo and in vitro neuroprotective effect of antihypertensive DDPH.
Neural Regen Res
April 2015
Department of Pharmacology, Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei Province, China.
1-(2,6-Dimethylphenoxy)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenylethylamino)-propane hydrochloride (DDPH) is a novel antihypertensive agent based on structural characteristics of mexiletine and verapamine. We investigated the effect of DDPH on vasodilatation and neuroprotection in a rat model of cerebral ischemia in vivo, and a rabbit model of isolated basilar arteries in vitro. Our results show that DDPH (10 mg/kg) significantly increased hippocampal blood flow in vivo in cerebral ischemic rats, and exerted dose-dependent relaxation of isolated basilar arteries contracted by histamine or KCl in the in vitro rabbit model.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMonoacylglycerols activate TRPV1--a link between phospholipase C and TRPV1.
PLoS One
September 2014
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden ; Lund University Pain Research Centre, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
Phospholipase C-mediated hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate generates diacylglycerol, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate and protons, all of which can regulate TRPV1 activity via different mechanisms. Here we explored the possibility that the diacylglycerol metabolites 2-arachidonoylglycerol and 1-arachidonoylglycerol, and not metabolites of these monoacylglycerols, activate TRPV1 and contribute to this signaling cascade. 2-Arachidonoylglycerol and 1-arachidonoylglycerol activated native TRPV1 on vascular sensory nerve fibers and heterologously expressed TRPV1 in whole cells and inside-out membrane patches.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe neurology of itch.
Brain
February 2014
Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143-0114, USA.
Research over the past 15 years has helped to clarify the anatomy and physiology of itch, the clinical features of neuropathic itch syndromes and the scientific underpinning of effective treatments. Two itch-sensitive pathways exist: a histamine-stimulated pathway that uses mechanically insensitive C-fibres, and a cowhage-stimulated pathway primarily involving polymodal C-fibres. Interactions with pain continue to be central to explaining various aspects of itch.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEffect of esophageal distention on basal and stimulated gastric acid secretion in rats.
Iran Biomed J
July 2007
Dept. of Physiology, the School of Medicine, Ahwaz Jundishapour of Medical Sciences, Ahwaz, Iran.
Background: It is well established that the esophageal distention (ED) leads to gastric relaxation, partly by vago-vagal reflex, but till now, the effect of ED on gastric acid secretion has not been investigated. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of ED on basal and stimulated gastric acid secretion.
Methods: Adult male Wistar rats (200-240 g) were deprived of food but not the water 24 h before the experiments.
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