In order to elucidate the role of cortical input on sensory information processing in different thalamic somatosensory nuclei we recorded potentials evoked (EPs) by whisker deflections of short duration from ventral posteromedial (VPm) and medial posterior (POm) nuclei while manipulating cortico-thalamic activity by means of local cooling, lidocaine application or electrical stimulation. It appeared that only the earliest sub-component of the first negative wave of the EPs resulted from peripheral input, while the rest of the potential's negativity depended on cortical feedback. The latencies and amplitudes of EPs recorded at both nuclei were not significantly different, which might be attributed to urethane anesthesia.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.55782/ane-2003-1477 | DOI Listing |
Pharmaceuticals (Basel)
December 2024
Department of Neurology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
A water extract of the Ayurvedic plant (L.) Urban, family Apiaceae (CAW), improves cognitive function in mouse models of aging and Alzheimer's disease and affects dendritic arborization, mitochondrial activity, and oxidative stress in mouse primary neurons. Triterpenes (TT) and caffeoylquinic acids (CQA) are constituents associated with these bioactivities of CAW, although little is known about how interactions between these compounds contribute to the plant's therapeutic benefit.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
January 2025
Department of Functional Biochemistry of the Nervous System, Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 117485, Russia.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the primary causes of mortality and disability, with arterial blood pressure being an important factor in the clinical management of TBI. Spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs), widely used as a model of essential hypertension and vascular dementia, demonstrate dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, which may contribute to glucocorticoid-mediated hippocampal damage. The aim of this study was to assess acute post-TBI seizures, delayed mortality, and hippocampal pathology in SHRs and normotensive Sprague Dawley rats (SDRs).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
January 2025
Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, 28100 Novara, Italy.
The pathophysiology of cognitive impairment (CI) in multiple sclerosis (MS) remains unclear. Meningeal B cell aggregates may contribute to cortical grey matter pathology. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), kappa free light chains (KFLC), and KFLCs-Index (kappa-Index) are reliable quantitative markers of intrathecal synthesis, but few data have been presented exploring the association with CI, and no data are present for lambda FLC (LFLC) in MS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
January 2025
Department of Neuropediatrics, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
Epilepsy affects 50 million people worldwide and is drug-resistant in approximately one-third of cases. Even when a structural lesion is identified as the epileptogenic focus, understanding the underlying genetic causes is crucial to guide both counseling and treatment decisions. Both somatic and germline DNA variants may contribute to the lesion itself and/or influence the severity of symptoms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
January 2025
Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Neuroscience, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA.
Methamphetamine is a highly addictive stimulant known to cause neurotoxicity, cognitive deficits, and immune dysregulation in the brain. Despite significant research, the molecular mechanisms driving methamphetamine-induced neurotoxicity and glial cell dysfunction remain poorly understood. This study investigates how methamphetamine disrupts glial cell function and contributes to neurodevelopmental and neurodegenerative processes.
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