A prospective randomized and controlled study of prophylactic drainage after simple, elective cholecystectomy was carried out. From March 1988 to June 1991 80 patients received an Easy-Flow drain and 80 did not. Operation and perioperative management were standardized. The endpoint of the study was postoperative morbidity, especially postoperative pyrexia and subhepatic fluid collection. The latter was identified by ultrasonography performed daily on postoperative day 1-4. No patient died. The morbidity including postoperative pyrexia revealed no difference between drained and undrained patients. In 19 of the patients with (23.8%) and in 25 of the patients without drainage (31.3%) a subhepatic fluid collection could be demonstrated by ultrasonography. This difference was not statistically significant either. We conclude that prophylactic drainage after elective, simple cholecystectomy is of no use for the patient. As subhepatic fluid collections can be seen in drained as well as in undrained patients it has to be accepted that drainage does not guarantee the removal of subhepatic fluid. Therefore its indicatory function (bleeding) and the ability to prevent the patient having biliary peritonitis or local abscess has to be put in doubt.
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