Consideration of the activation and desensitization properties of neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) predicts that there should be a range of concentrations over which low ambient levels of agonist can continuously open nAChR channels. These findings support the idea that postsynaptic nAChRs may participate in unconventional cellular signaling mediated by the release of acetylcholine from diffusely distributed non-synaptic cholinergic varicosities.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bmcl.2004.02.081 | DOI Listing |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
January 2025
Department of Brain Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.
Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) typically respond to light stimulation over their spatially restricted receptive field. Using large-scale recordings in the mouse retina, we show that a subset of non- direction-selective (DS) RGCs exhibit asymmetric activity, selective to motion direction, in response to a stimulus crossing an area far beyond the classic receptive field. The extraclassical response arises via inputs from an asymmetric distal zone and is enhanced by desensitization mechanisms and an inherent DS component, creating a network of neurons responding to motion toward the optic disc.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCureus
December 2024
Anesthesiology, Asahi General Hospital, Asahi, JPN.
The gagging reflex during dental treatment is a common concern for dentists and patients. Herein, we describe a novel approach to managing severe gagging reflex, termed the "KOJIMA program," using a systematic desensitization technique combined with an ultrasound-guided selective glossopharyngeal nerve block (UGSGNB). After performing the UGSGNB, the participants were trained to touch the inside of their mouths with a cotton swab.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Metab
January 2025
Section of Endocrinology and Investigative Medicine, Imperial College London, United Kingdom. Electronic address:
Objective: There is renewed interest in targeting the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor (GIPR) for treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes. G-protein coupled receptor desensitisation is suggested to reduce the long-term efficacy of glucagon-like-peptide 1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists and may similarly affect the efficacy of GIPR agonists. We explored the extent of pancreatic GIPR functional desensitisation with sustained agonist exposure.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJCI Insight
January 2025
Division of Pediatric Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
BACKGROUNDCow's milk (CM) allergy is the most common food allergy in young children. Treatment with oral immunotherapy (OIT) has shown efficacy, but high rates of adverse reactions. The aim of this study was to determine whether baked milk OIT (BMOIT) could reduce adverse reactions while still inducing desensitization, and to identify immunological correlates of successful BMOIT.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiochem Pharmacol
January 2025
Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Houton, Houston, TX, 77204, USA. Electronic address:
Cannabidiol (CBD), a phytocannabinoid, has emerged as a promising candidate for addressing a wide array of symptoms. It has the ability to bind multiple proteins and receptors, including 5-HT1AR, transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1), and cannabinoid receptors. However, CBD's pharmacodynamic interaction with 5-HT1AR and its medicinal outcomes are still debated.
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