Auditory extinction was examined in six patients with right hemisphere lesions, using an auditory double simultaneous stimulation task using letters spoken in male and female voices. Patients had to detect where the stimuli were located, and identify either the letter or the voice (the task-relevant dimension). Auditory extinction was greatest when the two stimuli were the same on the task-relevant dimension, paralleling previous studies of visual extinction. Furthermore, we found that errors of omission were much less frequent in the contralesional field if the patients were not required to report both identity and the location of stimuli. These results are consistent with the notion that auditory extinction may be due in part to a failure to bind together identity and location.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2003.06.001 | DOI Listing |
J Affect Disord
January 2025
Department of Neuroscience, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W Campbell Rd., Richardson, TX 75080, USA; Texas Biomedical Device Center (TxBDC), The University of Texas at Dallas, 800 W Campbell Rd., Richardson, TX 75080, USA. Electronic address:
Clinical diagnosis of anxiety disorders is highly prevalent in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Available treatments for anxiety offer limited efficacy in the ASD population. Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) has an anxiolytic effect in rats and, when coupled with fear extinction training, VNS enhances extinction of fear in healthy rats.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAm J Primatol
January 2025
Anthropology Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
The study of primate auditory morphology is a significant area of interest for comparative anatomists, given the phylogenetic relationships that link primate hearing and the morphology of these auditory structures. Extensive literature addresses the form-to-function relationship of the auditory system (outer, middle, and inner ear) in primates and, by extension, provides insight into the auditory system of extinct primates and even modern humans. We add to this literature by describing the ontogenetic trajectory of the middle ear cavity and ossicular chain (malleus, incus, and stapes) due to their critical role in relaying auditory stimuli for interpretation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLearn Mem
December 2024
Department of Neuroscience, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, USA
Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is a therapeutic intervention previously shown to enhance fear extinction in rats. VNS is approved for use in humans for the treatment of epilepsy, depression, and stroke, and it is currently under investigation as an adjuvant to exposure therapy in the treatment of PTSD. However, the mechanisms by which VNS enhances extinction of conditioned fear remain unresolved.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMol Brain
November 2024
Laboratory for Sleeping-Brain Dynamics, Research Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry
November 2024
Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Psychiatry, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address:
Methylone (3,4-methylenedioxy-N-methylcathinone) is a rapid-acting entactogen that has demonstrated significant benefits for patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and exhibits good tolerability in phase 1 clinical trials. Despite these promising results, its preclinical effects on fear memory regulation and the underlying mechanisms remain largely unexplored. This study aims to investigate the impact of methylone on auditory fear extinction and its influence on neuronal and synaptic activity in the basolateral amygdala (BLA).
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