Taxol is extensively used clinically for chemotherapy of patients with ovarian, breast, and lung cancer. Although taxol induces apoptosis of cancer cells, its exact mechanism of action is not yet known. To determine the mechanism of action of taxol in ovarian cancer, we tested the effects of the drug, on the human ovarian carcinoma cell line, SKOV3. We observed that taxol-induced apoptosis of these cells by phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization and DNA fragmentation. While treatment of cells with taxol resulted in bcl-2 phosphorylation and mitochondrial depolarization, cytochrome c was not released and pro-caspase-3 was not activated. Treatment of SKOV3 cells with taxol, however, resulted in the translocation of AIF from the mitochondria to the nucleus via the cytosol. Taken together, these findings suggest that in SKOV3 cells, taxol induces caspase-independent AIF-dependent apoptosis.
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