[Occupational asthma and biological damage: adequate compensation?].

The evaluation of the damage to biological and relational capacities of the subject is the novel approach of the Italian Insurance Regulation Decree N(o) 38/2000 for compensating occupational asthma (OA). In this study we aimed to apply retrospectively the novel rating system to mild OA. From a data base of 201 diagnosis of OA collected in the 1987-97 decade 85 eligible consecutive cases of mild asthma according to the criteria of NIH/WHO guidelines on asthma were studied. Records on compensation were documented for 41 subjects. The average difference between novel scales and the actual rating individually assessed by Italian National Agency for compensation through criteria used at that time was 45.6 +/- 20%. The average difference between novel scales and rating calculated with guidelines considering the measurement of non-specific bronchial hyperreactivity developed by international experts and American Thoracic Society, endorsed by American Medical Association, was 41.5 +/- 12%. Within the actual rating individually assessed with previous Italian Insurance criteria no significant relationship (r=-0.20, p=0.2) was shown with bronchial responsiveness to methacoline expressed as provocative dose causing a 20% fall in FEV1 (PD20FEV1 microg of mch). A significant (p<0.05) relationship was observed with age at the time of OA diagnosis (r=0.37, p=0.017) and with duration of exposure (r=0.34, p=0.034). This study suggests that scales of the Insurance Regulation Decree N(o) 38/2000 grading mild OA underevaluate biological damage/impairment with reference both to previous practice in Italy and to international criteria guidelines. Among the parameters of evaluation methacoline challenge should be considered an adequate tool in measuring biological damage in OA for medicolegal purpose.