AI Article Synopsis
- The study investigates how UV-B exposure affects cytokine expression in the skin of patients with polymorphous light eruption (PLE) compared to healthy individuals.
- Findings show that patients with PLE have reduced levels of specific cytokines, such as TNF-alpha and IL-4, in their UV-B-exposed skin, indicating impaired immune responses.
- The reduction in cytokine expression may be linked to a lack of neutrophils, suggesting issues with Langerhans cell migration in the skin of patients with PLE.
Article Abstract
Background: Disturbances in UV-induced Langerhans cell migration and T helper (T(H)) 2 cell responses could be early steps in the pathogenesis of PLE.
Objective: To establish whether UV-B exposure induces aberrant cytokine expression in the uninvolved skin of patients with polymorphous light eruption (PLE).
Design: Immunohistochemical staining and comparison of microscopic sections of skin irradiated with 6 times the minimal dose of UV-B causing erythema and the unirradiated skin of patients with PLE and of healthy individuals.
Setting: University Medical Center (Dutch National Center for Photodermatoses). Patients Patients with PLE (n = 6) with clinically proven pathological responses to UV-B exposure and normal erythemal sensitivity. Healthy volunteers (n = 5) were recruited among students and hospital staff.
Main Outcome Measures: Expression of cytokines related to Langerhans cell migration (interleukin [IL] 1, IL-18,and tumor necrosis factor [TNF] alpha); T(H)2 responses (IL-4 and IL-10); and T(H)1 responses (IL-6, IL-12, and interferon gamma). Double staining was performed for elastase (neutrophils), tryptase (mast cells), and CD36 (macrophages).
Results: The number of cells expressing IL-1beta and TNF-alpha was reduced in the UV-B-exposed skin of patients with PLE compared with the skin of healthy individuals (P<.05 for TNF-alpha). No differences were observed in the expression of T(H)1-related cytokines but fewer cells expressing IL-4 infiltrated the epidermis of patients with PLE 24 hours after irradiation (P =.03). After UV exposure TNF-alpha, IL-4, and, to a lesser extent, IL-10 were predominantly expressed by neutrophils.
Conclusions: The reduced expression of TNF-alpha, IL-4, and IL-10 in the UV-B-irradiated skin of patients with PLE appears largely attributable to a lack of neutrophils, and is indicative of reduced Langerhans cell migration and reduced T(H)2 skewing. An impairment of these mechanisms underlying UV-B-induced immunosuppression may be important in the pathogenesis of PLE.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archderm.140.3.295 | DOI Listing |
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