[Characteristics of the dangerous and harmful use of alcohol and psychoactive drugs in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the postwar period].

Problems related to abuse of various psychoactive substances started in Bosnia and Herzegovina during the early eighties of the twentieth century. This is proven by the data from Counseling for the prevention and treatment of drug addiction that was working since 1978 until 1992 at the Psychiatric Clinic of the Clinical Center of Sarajevo University. At the end of 1991 this center registered 1000 drug users among which 50 was heroin addicts on the Methadone maintenance treatment. All organized activities on prevention and treatment of drug addiction stop during the spring of 1992. During the war 1992-1995, only few cases of drug addicts was treated due to overdose, abstinence and toxic psychotic states. Catastrophic war devastation had the consequence in social and economic disorganization of the whole society in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Large part of the population was killed or severely wounded. Majority of civilian population were expelled from their homes and spread all over the country and the whole world. Violence toward themselves and others, aggressively, tension, and domestic violence with large number of stress related mental disorders are still characteristics of our society. One of the important features of such a society is incensement of drug abuse, starting with alcohol, tobacco and all sorts of drugs. Extent of this socio-pathological problem are unknown, but indicators such as quantity of confiscated drug, number of legal processes related to drug, number of those who are coming to health institutions due to drug related problems, number of overdoses, and occasional surveys among youth indicated that the problem became more serious than anybody in this society wants to believe. All these indicators are showing that the problem of harmful alcohol, tobacco and drug use in our society have multiple negative consequences, and that in the recent future we cannot expect that these trends will became positive. Obviously, without the support from the community in this area we cannot achieve some good results. Today it is clear that without a strategy and preventive programs for the prevention of alcohol, tobacco and drug use at the state and even regional level there cannot be any success in stopping the epidemy of use and abuse of legal and illicit psychoactive substances.