AI Article Synopsis
- The study investigates how hormones like estrogen and prolactin influence the regulation of TGF-beta and specific MMPs involved in breast cancer progression.
- Findings show that at normal levels, prolactin and estrogen work together to lower TGF-beta and MMP levels without increasing cancer cell growth.
- Interestingly, while high doses of prolactin can also reduce TGF-beta and MMP expression, estrogen does not have the same effect at these growth-stimulating levels.
Article Abstract
Hormones, estrogen and prolactin, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), and matrixmetalloproteinases (MMPs) may modulate breast cancer progression. The goal of this research was to examine the regulation of expression of TGF-beta and MMPs (MMP-1, 2, 9) by estrogen and prolactin, independently and in combination, at physiological doses, and at doses stimulating cancer cell (T47D) proliferation in vitro. Prolactin, and estrogen synergistically, and similarly, inhibited the expression of TGF-beta and MMPs at physiological concentrations without altering cell proliferation, indicating a beneficial role of the hormones. The growth stimulating concentration of prolactin, but not estrogen, also inhibited the TGF-beta and MMP expression.
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| http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.canlet.2003.10.019 | DOI Listing |
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