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Time to start taking time seriously: how to investigate unexpected biological rhythms within infectious disease research.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci
January 2025
Institute of Ecology and Evolution, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FL, UK.
The discovery of rhythmicity in host and pathogen activities dates back to the Hippocratic era, but the causes and consequences of these biological rhythms have remained poorly understood. Rhythms in infection phenotypes or traits are observed across taxonomically diverse hosts and pathogens, suggesting general evolutionary principles. Understanding these principles may enable rhythms to be leveraged in manners that improve drug and vaccine efficacy or disrupt pathogen timekeeping to reduce virulence and transmission.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSeasonal plasticity in daily timing of flight activity in is driven by temperature modulation of dawn entrainment.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci
January 2025
Chronobiology Section, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK.
The Asian malaria vector is invading Africa, requiring it to adapt to novel climates and ecosystems. In part, this may be facilitated by 's poorly understood seasonal behavioural plasticity in flight timing, leading to earlier biting activity in cold Asian winters and later biting times in the warm summer. Changes in behavioural timing could be directly imposed by seasonal variation in ambient light and temperature levels or result from altered entrainment of intrinsically expressed circadian rhythms by these factors.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCircadian gating: concepts, processes, and opportunities.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci
January 2025
John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK.
Circadian clocks provide a biological measure of time that coordinates metabolism, physiology and behaviour with 24 h cycles in the environment. Circadian systems have a variety of characteristic properties, such as entrainment to environmental cues, a self-sustaining rhythm of about 24 h and temperature compensation of the circadian rhythm. In this perspective, we discuss the process of circadian gating, which refers to the restriction of a biological event to particular times of day by the circadian clock.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBioClocks UK: driving robust cycles of discovery to impact.
Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci
January 2025
School of Biological Sciences and Centre for Engineering Biology, University of Edinburgh, Max Born Crescent, Edinburgh EH9 3BF, UK.
Chronobiology is a multidisciplinary field that extends across the tree of life, transcends all scales of biological organization, and has huge translational potential. For the UK to harness the opportunities presented within applied chronobiology, we need to build our network outwards to reach stakeholders that can directly benefit from our discoveries. In this article, we discuss the importance of biological rhythms to our health, society, economy and environment, with a particular focus on circadian rhythms.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRe-scoping ultradian rhythms in the context of metabolism.
Front Physiol
December 2024
Energy and Sustainability Research Institute Groningen, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
Rapid, ultradian biological rhythms are only partly comparable to circadian (24-h) rhythms. Often, the ensuing expectations from this comparison are that 1) ultradian rhythms should be driven by discrete oscillators, 2) they are biochemically buffered, and 3) they must be functionally linked to extrinsic events and cycles. These three expectations are not always met, but perhaps there is an adaptive benefit to ultradian rhythms not meeting these expectations, which sets them functionally apart from circadian rhythms.
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