Hyperemesis gravidarum is a common pathology encountered by the obstetrician in 0.1-2% of all pregnancies. The purpose of our review, along with other literature, is to report general outline of the syndrome, with etiology, complications and some guidelines about conventional and newer therapy.
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Int J Eat Disord
January 2024
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
Objective: Hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) is a severe form of excessive vomiting during pregnancy. The connection between psychiatric morbidity and HG has been debated, but only a few studies have focused on eating disorders (EDs). The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between HG and both pre-pregnancy and new post-pregnancy EDs.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFR I Med J (2013)
August 2023
Department of Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, and Division of General Internal Medicine, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI.
Wernicke's encephalopathy (WE) is a neurologic emergency requiring timely intravenous thiamine supplementation to prevent permanent neurologic deficits. Historically, the WE diagnosis was limited to individuals with alcohol use disorder. However, it is now widely recognized to occur in patients who are chronically malnourished, post-bariatric surgery, pregnant with hyperemesis gravidarum, and with severe anorexia nervosa.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Matern Fetal Neonatal Med
December 2022
PGY 1 Family Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Hyperemesis gravidarum is a rare but potentially serious complication of pregnancy. Some women with severe symptoms and possibly psychiatric comorbidities remain symptomatic despite the use of currently available treatments. Due to its favorable safety profile, antiemetic efficacy in other conditions, and 5-HT3 antagonism, olanzapine may be a potentially useful addition to the armamentarium for management of hyperemesis gravidarum resistant to standard- of-care treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFront Endocrinol (Lausanne)
February 2022
Service of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Background: Limited data have shown that, compared to uncomplicated twin pregnancies, pregnancies complicated by twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS), a life-threatening condition, are associated with higher maternal serum levels of both human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and thyroid hormones. With the continuing expansion of assisted reproductive technologies, the rate of twin pregnancies, including those complicated by TTTS and associated hyperemesis gravidarum, is expected to increase further. Therefore, detailed descriptions of the maternal and fetal clinical outcomes of maternal thyrotoxicosis linked to TTTS can be useful for timely diagnosis and management.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGynecol Endocrinol
August 2020
Department of Regional Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan.
Gestational transient thyrotoxicosis (GTT) is associated with direct stimulation of the maternal thyroid gland by human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). It is characterized by slightly higher thyroid hormone and lower thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels in early pregnancy and mild or no symptoms. While GTT must be distinguished from Graves' disease (GD), which is associated with maternal and fetal complications, treated GD and new-onset GD in pregnancy are occasionally challenging to distinguish.
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