To elucidate the control of hepatic cholesterol metabolism by leptin, rats were administered IV (intravenous) leptin, ICV (intracerebroventricular) leptin or saline. A single low dose of ICV leptin was as effective as a continuous IV infusion of high-dose leptin at decreasing the activities of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA reductase and cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase. These results indicate that the hepatic response to leptin is transduced via the central nervous system.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/BJ20040134 | DOI Listing |
Nan Fang Yi Ke Da Xue Xue Bao
September 2024
Department of Psychiatry (Sleep Medicine Center), School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
Objective: To evaluate the effects of intermittent hypoxia-reoxygenation (IHR) on body weight, diet and water intake, circulating metabolites, and responses to central leptin injection in a rat model of diet-induced obesity (DIO).
Methods: Rat models of DIO established by 12-week high-fat diet (HFD) feeding were randomized into normoxia group (=15), intermittent hypoxia group (6% O, 30 cycles/h, 8 h/day for 4 weeks; =15), and IHR group (2 weeks of intermittent hypoxia followed by 2 weeks of reoxygenation; =15). Body weight, diet and water intake of the rats were recorded, and circulating leptin, IL-6, and Ang-II levels were detected.
Am J Physiol Renal Physiol
December 2024
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Cardiorenal and Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Mississippi Center for Obesity Research, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, United States.
Int J Mol Sci
May 2024
Departments of Pediatrics & Pediatric Endocrinology, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Research Institute "La Princesa", E-28009 Madrid, Spain.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by the deposition in the brain of senile plaques composed of amyloid-β peptides (Aβs) that increase inflammation. An endogenous peptide derived from the insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I, glycine-proline-glutamate (GPE), has IGF-I-sensitizing and neuroprotective actions. Here, we examined the effects of GPE on Aβ levels and hippocampal inflammation generated by the intracerebroventricular infusion of Aβ25-35 for 2 weeks (300 pmol/day) in ovariectomized rats and the signaling-related pathways and levels of Aβ-degrading enzymes associated with these GPE-related effects.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Mol Sci
November 2023
Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaiso 2360102, Chile.
Autonomic innervation is important to regulate homeostasis in every organ of the body. The sympathetic nervous system controls several organs associated with metabolism and reproduction, including adipose tissue, the liver, and the ovaries. The sympathetic nervous system is controlled within the central nervous system by neurons located in the hypothalamus, which in turn are regulated by hormones like leptin.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Anim Sci
January 2023
Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
Voluntary feed intake is insufficient to meet the nutrient demands associated with late pregnancy in prolific ewes and early lactation in high-yielding dairy cows. Under these conditions, peripheral signals such as growth hormone and ceramides trigger adaptations aimed at preserving metabolic well-being. Recent work in rodents has shown that the central nervous system-melanocortin (CNS-MC) system, consisting of alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) and agouti-related peptide (AGRP) acting respectively as agonist and antagonist on central MC receptors, contributes to the regulation of some of the same adaptations.
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