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Revealing the impact of social circumstances on the selection of cancer therapy through natural language processing of social work notes.
JAMIA Open
December 2024
Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States.
Objective: We aimed to investigate the impact of social circumstances on cancer therapy selection using natural language processing to derive insights from social worker documentation.
Materials And Methods: We developed and employed a Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) based approach, using a hierarchical multi-step BERT model (BERT-MS), to predict the prescription of targeted cancer therapy to patients based solely on documentation by clinical social workers. Our corpus included free-text clinical social work notes, combined with medication prescription information, for all patients treated for breast cancer at UCSF between 2012 and 2021.
Evaluating the use of large language models to provide clinical recommendations in the Emergency Department.
Nat Commun
October 2024
Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
The release of GPT-4 and other large language models (LLMs) has the potential to transform healthcare. However, existing research evaluating LLM performance on real-world clinical notes is limited. Here, we conduct a highly-powered study to determine whether LLMs can provide clinical recommendations for three tasks (admission status, radiological investigation(s) request status, and antibiotic prescription status) using clinical notes from the Emergency Department.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSafety and efficacy of evobrutinib in relapsing multiple sclerosis (evolutionRMS1 and evolutionRMS2): two multicentre, randomised, double-blind, active-controlled, phase 3 trials.
Lancet Neurol
November 2024
Ares Trading, an affiliate of Merck KGaA, Eysins, Switzerland.
Article Synopsis
- Evobrutinib, a BTK inhibitor, was evaluated for safety and efficacy against teriflunomide in treating relapsing multiple sclerosis in two phase 3 trials involving nearly 2,300 participants across 52 countries.
- Participants aged 18-55 with specific disability scores were randomly assigned to receive either evobrutinib or teriflunomide, with both studies designed as double-blind to avoid bias among participants and researchers.
- The primary endpoint was the annualized relapse rate over 156 weeks, with data collected from June 2020 to October 2023, showing that 66-67% of the participants were female across the trials.
Purpose: The Minimum Speech Test Battery (MSTB) for adults was introduced in 1996 (Nilsson et al., 1996) and subsequently updated in 2011 (Advanced-Bionics et al., 2011).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFTransforming Cardiovascular Care With Artificial Intelligence: From Discovery to Practice: JACC State-of-the-Art Review.
J Am Coll Cardiol
July 2024
Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research Translational Institute, Scripps Research, La Jolla, California, USA.
Article Synopsis
- AI is revolutionizing cardiovascular care and research by introducing advanced diagnostic tools, digital biomarkers, and quality evaluation systems.
- These innovations aim to increase access to cardiovascular screening and monitoring, particularly for underserved populations lacking specialized care.
- The review discusses the potential for personalized and effective treatments through AI advancements while emphasizing the necessary precautions and strategies to ensure successful implementation in healthcare.
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