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Maternal Transmission of Rotavirus to Calves and Comparison of Colostrum and Fecal Microbiota in Holstein and Hanwoo Cattle.
Vet Sci
November 2024
Ruminant Nutrition and Anaerobe Laboratory, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea.
This study aimed to evaluate rotavirus transmission to calves and analyze microbial communities in cow milk and neonatal calf feces within dairy and beef cattle. A total of 20 cattle, Hanwoo ( = 10), and Holstein ( = 10) were allotted for the study, with each breed comprising five cows and five calves. Colostrum samples were obtained from the dam, while feces were obtained from both the dam and calf.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDiarrhea and associated factors among under-five children in open defecation free and open defecation rural households of Degem district, Oromia, Ethiopia.
Front Public Health
December 2024
Department of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Salale University, Fitche, Ethiopia.
Introduction: Diarrheal diseases are the top cause of preventable death, particularly among children under the age of five in developing countries like Ethiopia. Despite the national level of latrine coverage being 61%, diarrhea is responsible for the deaths of half a million children under 5 years annually. Therefore, this study aimed to assess diarrhea and its associated factors among children in open defecation free (ODF) and open defecation (OD) households of Degem district, Oromia, Ethiopia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInsights into Recent Advancements in Human and Animal Rotavirus Vaccines: Exploring New Frontiers.
Virol Sin
December 2024
National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, Wuhan 430070, China. Electronic address:
Rotavirus infections cause severe gastroenteritis and dehydration in young children and animals worldwide, leading to high rates of morbidity and mortality, predominantly in low- and middle-income countries. In the past decade, substantial progress has been made in the development and implementation of rotavirus vaccines, which have been essential in alleviating the global burden of this disease, not only in human being but also in livestock species like calves and piglets, where these infections can cause significant economic losses. By synthesizing the latest research and real-world evidence, this review article is designated to provide deep insights into the current state of rotavirus vaccine technology and its global implementation as well as the application of rotavirus vaccines in veterinary settings and their importance in controlling zoonotic transmission and maintaining food security.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImpact of dosing schedules on performance of rotavirus vaccines in Ghana.
Sci Adv
December 2024
Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
There is currently limited evidence regarding how the rotavirus vaccine dosing schedule might be adjusted to improve vaccine performance. We quantified the impact of the previously implemented 6/10-week Rotarix vaccine (RV1) in Ghana to the model-predicted impact for other vaccine dosing schedules across three hospitals and the entire country. Compared to no vaccination, the model-estimated median percentage reductions in rotavirus ranged from 28 to 85% and 12 to 71% among children <1 and <5 years old, respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe evidence base for rotavirus vaccination in India: Current status, future needs.
Vaccine
January 2025
Division of Gastrointestinal Sciences, The Wellcome Trust Research Laboratory, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu 632004, India.
Rotavirus is a leading cause of severe diarrheal disease in infants and young children worldwide. Vaccination offers the best protection against this disease, and two rotavirus vaccines were developed in India and included in its routine immunization program. The Government of India's decision to adopt this intervention was supported by a solid base of evidence from clinical trials, as well as substantial research regarding rotavirus disease burden and the potential health and economic value of immunization.
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