Renocolic fistulae caused by colonic diverticulitis are rare. We present a case of renocolic fistula caused by colonic diverticulitis associated with polycystic kidney. A 51-year-old male with polycystic kidney on hemodialysis presented with a lasting fever and left lower abdominal pain. Under the diagnosis of the infection of a cyst in a polycystic kidney, puncture of the cyst was performed. Nine hundred ml of turbid fluid, of which culture grew Bacteroides Fragilis, was discharged. Inflammation subsided after the puncture, but soon recurred. Moreover, pneumaturia was observed, and fecaloid fluid was drainaged. Barium enema demonstrated a fistula from the diverticulum of the descending colon into the punctured cyst. The patient underwent a nephrectomy combined with hemi-colectomy.
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